Ch 26: Local Anesthetics

Question 1

What Schedule II drug was our first local anesthetic?

Answer 1

Cocaine

p. 247

Question 2

What are the 5 injectable local anesthetics of the amides class? (B-L-M-P-R-)

Answer 2

Bupivacaine
Lidocaine
Mepivacaine
Prilocaine
Ropivacaine

(p. 248)

Question 3

What are the 3 injectable local anesthetics of the esters class? (C-P-T-)

Answer 3

Chloroprocaine
Procaine
Tetracaine

(p. 248)

Question 4

When local anesthetics administered with epinephrine are used, why should the toes, fingers, noses, ears, and penis be avoided?

Answer 4

If used in an area supplied by an end artery, gangrene can occur owing to restriction of blood flow.

(p. 248)

Question 5

Local anesthetics work by…

Answer 5

…stopping axonal conduction by blocking sodium channels in the axonal membrane.

(p. 245)

Question 6

Topical benzocaine can cause…

Answer 6

…methemoglobinemia, a blood disorder in which hemogloblin is modified such that it cannot release oxygen to tissues.

(p. 246)

Question 7

Allergic reactions to local anesthetics are more likely to occur with the ______ than with the ______.

Answer 7

esters; amides

p. 246

Question 8

Cross-sensitivity between the esters and the amides has…

Answer 8

…not been observed.

p. 246

Question 9

What is the MOA when lidocaine is used to control dysrhythmias?

Answer 9

Suppression of cardiac excitability secondary to blockade of cardiac sodium channels.

(p. 247)