Ch 45: Calcium Channel Blockers Flashcards
The dihydropyridines act mainly on…
vascular smooth muscle (i.e. arterioles).
p. 486
What are the 8 dihydropyridines available?
N-N-N-N-A-C-F-I
Nifedipine Nicardipine Nimodipine Nisoldipine Amlodipine Clevidipine Felodipine Isradipine
(p. 490 - 491)
What are 3 unique facts about nimodipine?
It produces selective blockade of calcium channels in cerebral blood vessels.
It’s used to prevent cerebral arterial spasm following SAH.
It must never be given intravenously.
(p. 491)
Clevidipine is contraindicated for patients allergic to…
…soybeans or eggs.
p. 491
Immediate-release nifedipine has been associated with increased…
…mortality in patients with MI and unstable angina.
p. 491
Grapefruit juice should not be drunk when taking…
…verapamil or diltiazem.
p. 491
Calcium channels are coupled to _____-__________ _________ in the heart. For that reason, verapamil and diltiazem affect the heart in ways similar to the ____ ________. Both types of drugs cause a decrease in the…
beta1-adrenergic receptors
beta blockers
…force of contraction, heart rate, and cardiac impulse conduction.
(p. 485)
There is one major family of calcium channel blockers. These are known as the…
…dihydropyridines.
p. 485
The other two families of CCBs are actually made of one orphan each. What are the two “orphans”?
diltiazem (a benzothiazepine)
verapamil (a phenylalkylamine)
(p. 485)
When looking at CCBs’ effect on vascular smooth muscle, we know that at therapeutic doses, they act selectively on…
…peripheral arterioles and arteries and arterioles of the heart; they have no significant effect on veins.
(p. 485)
It is important to note that at THERAPEUTIC DOSES ONLY, the dihydropyridines don’t…
They act primarily on…
…affect the heart very much.
…arterioles.
(p. 486)
