Ch. 6 Diagnostic Tests & Procedures Flashcards
blood chemistry
test of the fluid portion of the blood to measure the amounts of its chemical constituents (e.g., glucose & cholesterol)
phlebotomy; venipuncture
incision into or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing
blood chemistry panels
a specialized battery of chemical tests on a single sample of blood
basic metabolic panel (BMP)
a battery of tests used as a general screen of disease
comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)
tests performed in addition onto the basic panel for expanded screening
blood culture
test to determine if infection is present in the bloodstream by isolating a specimen of blood in a culture and any microorganism growth is identified
CD4 cell count
a measure of the number of CD4 cells (a subset of T lymphocytes) in the blood; used to monitor HIV and AIDS, normal range is 600-1500 cells in a given volume of blood
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
timed test that measures the rate at which RBCs settle through a volume of plasma
partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
test to determine coagulation defects, such as platelet disorders
thromboplastin
substance present in tissues, platelets, and leukocytes that is necessary for coagulation
prothrombin time (PT)
test to measure activity of prothrombin in the blood
prothrombin
protein substance in the blood that is essential to the clotting process
complete blood count (CBC)
a common blood test performed as a screen of general health or for diagnostic purposes; results are often reported alongside normal values for comparison
white blood count (WBC)
a count of the number of white blood cells in a given volume of blood
red blood count (RBC)
a count of the number of red blood cells in a given volume of blood obtained via manual or automated laboratory methods
hemoglobin (HGB or Hgb)
a test to determine the blood level of hemoglobin (in grams)
hematocrit (HCT or Hct)
a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood
blood indices
calculations of RBC, HGB, and HCT results to determine the average size, hemoglobin concentration, and content of RBCs to classify an anemia
mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV)
calculations of the volume (size) of individual RBCs using HCT and RBC results; MCV = HCT/RBC
mean corpuscular (cell) hemoglobin (MCH)
calculation of the content (weight) of hemoglobin in the average red blood cell using HGB and RBC results; MCH = HGB/RBC
mean corpuscular (cell) hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
calculation of the average hemoglobin concentration in each red blood cell using HGB and HCT results; MCHC = HGB/HCT
differential count
determination of the number of each type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in a stained blood smear; each type is counted and reported as a percentage of the total examined
red cell morphology
as part of identifying and counting the white blood cells, the condition, size, and shape of red blood cells in the background of the smeared slide are noted
platelet count (PLT)
calculation of the number of thrombocytes in the blood; the normal adult range is 150,000-450,000 platelets in a given volume of blood
