Ch. 6 Diagnostic Tests & Procedures

Question 0

blood chemistry

Answer 0

test of the fluid portion of the blood to measure the amounts of its chemical constituents (e.g., glucose & cholesterol)

Question 1

phlebotomy; venipuncture

Answer 1

incision into or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing

Question 2

blood chemistry panels

Answer 2

a specialized battery of chemical tests on a single sample of blood

Question 3

basic metabolic panel (BMP)

Answer 3

a battery of tests used as a general screen of disease

Question 4

comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Answer 4

tests performed in addition onto the basic panel for expanded screening

Question 5

blood culture

Answer 5

test to determine if infection is present in the bloodstream by isolating a specimen of blood in a culture and any microorganism growth is identified

Question 6

CD4 cell count

Answer 6

a measure of the number of CD4 cells (a subset of T lymphocytes) in the blood; used to monitor HIV and AIDS, normal range is 600-1500 cells in a given volume of blood

Question 7

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Answer 7

timed test that measures the rate at which RBCs settle through a volume of plasma

Question 8

partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Answer 8

test to determine coagulation defects, such as platelet disorders

Question 9

thromboplastin

Answer 9

substance present in tissues, platelets, and leukocytes that is necessary for coagulation

Question 10

prothrombin time (PT)

Answer 10

test to measure activity of prothrombin in the blood

Question 11

prothrombin

Answer 11

protein substance in the blood that is essential to the clotting process

Question 12

complete blood count (CBC)

Answer 12

a common blood test performed as a screen of general health or for diagnostic purposes; results are often reported alongside normal values for comparison

Question 13

white blood count (WBC)

Answer 13

a count of the number of white blood cells in a given volume of blood

Question 14

red blood count (RBC)

Answer 14

a count of the number of red blood cells in a given volume of blood obtained via manual or automated laboratory methods

Question 15

hemoglobin (HGB or Hgb)

Answer 15

a test to determine the blood level of hemoglobin (in grams)

Question 16

hematocrit (HCT or Hct)

Answer 16

a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood

Question 17

blood indices

Answer 17

calculations of RBC, HGB, and HCT results to determine the average size, hemoglobin concentration, and content of RBCs to classify an anemia

Question 18

mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV)

Answer 18

calculations of the volume (size) of individual RBCs using HCT and RBC results; MCV = HCT/RBC

Question 19

mean corpuscular (cell) hemoglobin (MCH)

Answer 19

calculation of the content (weight) of hemoglobin in the average red blood cell using HGB and RBC results; MCH = HGB/RBC

Question 20

mean corpuscular (cell) hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

Answer 20

calculation of the average hemoglobin concentration in each red blood cell using HGB and HCT results; MCHC = HGB/HCT

Question 21

differential count

Answer 21

determination of the number of each type of white blood cell (leukocyte) in a stained blood smear; each type is counted and reported as a percentage of the total examined

Question 22

red cell morphology

Answer 22

as part of identifying and counting the white blood cells, the condition, size, and shape of red blood cells in the background of the smeared slide are noted

Question 23

platelet count (PLT)

Answer 23

calculation of the number of thrombocytes in the blood; the normal adult range is 150,000-450,000 platelets in a given volume of blood

Question 24

bone marrow aspiration

Answer 24

need aspiration of bone marrow for pathologic examination

Question 25

bone marrow biopsy

Answer 25

pathologic examination of bone marrow

Question 26

lymphangiogram

Answer 26

an x-ray of a lymph node or vessel obtained after the injection of a contrast medium

Question 27

computed tomography (CT)

Answer 27

full body x-ray CT images used to detect tumors and cancers such as lymphoma

Question 28

positron-emission tomography (PET)

Answer 28

a full body scan useful in determining the recurrence of cancers or to measure response to therapy