Ch. 14 Diagnostic Terms

Question 1

anorchism

Answer 1

absence of one or both testes

Question 2

balanitis

Answer 2

inflammation of the glans penis

Question 3

cryptorchism, cryptorchidism

Answer 3

undescended testicle

Question 4

epididymitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the epididymis

Question 5

erectile dysfunction (ED)

Answer 5

failure to initiate or maintain an erection until ejaculation becasue of physical or psychologic dysfunction; formerly termed impotence (im = not; potis = able)

Question 6

hydrocele

Answer 6

hernia of fluid in the testis or in the tubes leading from the testis

Question 7

hypospadias

Answer 7

congential opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis (spadias = to draw away)

Question 8

Peyronie disease

Answer 8

disorder characterized by a buildup of hardened fibrous tissue in the corpus cavernosum, causing pain and a defective curvature of the penis, especially during erection

Question 9

phimosis

Answer 9

a narrowed condition of the prepuce (foreskin) resulting in its inability to be drawn over the glans penis, often leading to infection; commonly requires circumcision (phimo = muzzle)

Question 10

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

Answer 10

enlargement of the prostate gland, common in older men causing urinary obstruction

Question 11

prostate cancer

Answer 11

malignancy of the prostate gland

Question 12

prostatitis

Answer 12

inflammation of the prostate

Question 13

spermatocele

Answer 13

painless, benign cystic mass containing sperm lying above and posterior to, but separate from, the testicle

Question 14

testicular cancer

Answer 14

malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to growth potential

Question 15

seminoma

Answer 15

most common type of testicular tumor, composed of immature germ cells; highly treatable with early detection

Question 16

nonseminoma

Answer 16

testicular tumor arising from more mature germ cells; theses tumors have a tendency to be more aggressive than seminomas and often develop earlier in life; includes choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, and yolk sac tumors

Question 17

varicocele

Answer 17

enlarged, swollen, herniated veins near the testis (varico = twisted vein)

Question 18

chlamydia

Answer 18

most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in North America; often occurs with no symptoms and is treated only after it has spread

Question 19

gonorrhea

Answer 19

contagious inflammation of the genital mucous membranes caused by invasion of the gonococcus Neisseria gonorrhea; the condition was named for the urethral discharge characteristic of the infection, which was first thought to be a leakage of semen (gono = seed; rrhea = discharge)

Question 20

syphilis

Answer 20

sexually transmitted infection caused by a spirochete and which may involve any organ or tissue over time; usually manifests first on the skin, with the appearance of small, painless, red papules that erode and for bloodless ulcers called chancres

Question 21

hepatitis B virus (HBV)

Answer 21

virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood

Question 22

herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)

Answer 22

virus that causes ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve cell root and may recur at times of stress

Question 23

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 23

virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which permits various opportunistic infections, malignancies, and neurologic diseases; contracted through exposure to contaminated blood or body fluid

Question 24

human papilloma virus (HPV)

Answer 24

virus that causes genital warts

Question 25

condyloma acuminatum (pl. condylomata acuminata)

Answer 25

genital warts