Ch. 4 Anatomic Terms Related to Bones

Question 0

axial skeleton

Answer 0

bones of the skull, vertebral column, chest and hyoid bond

Question 1

appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

bones of the shoulder, pelvis and upper and lower extremities

Question 2

bone

Answer 2

specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes; forms the skeleton

Question 3

compact bone

Answer 3

tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones

Question 4

spongy bone

Answer 4

mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity

Question 5

cancellous bone

Answer 5

mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity

Question 6

long bones

Answer 6

bones of the arms and legs

Question 7

short bones

Answer 7

bones of the wrist and ankles

Question 8

flat bones

Answer 8

bones of the ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull

Question 9

irregular bones

Answer 9

bones of the vertebrae and face

Question 10

sesamoid bones

Answer 10

round bones found near joints (e.g., the patella)

Question 11

epiphysis

Answer 11

wide end of a long bone (physis = growth)

Question 12

diaphysis

Answer 12

shaft of a long bone

Question 13

metaphysis

Answer 13

growth zone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis during the development of a long bone

Question 14

endosteum

Answer 14

membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone

Question 15

medullary cavity

Answer 15

cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow

Question 16

bone marrow

Answer 16

soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones

Question 17

red bone marrow

Answer 17

functions to form red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets; found in the cavities of most bones in infants and in the flat bones of adults

Question 18

yellow bone marrow

Answer 18

gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones; functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells

Question 19

periosteum

Answer 19

a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone

Question 20

articular cartilage

Answer 20

a gristle-like substance on bones where they articulate