Ch. 13 Diagnostic Tests & Procedures

Question 1

cystoscopy

Answer 1

examination of the bladder using a rigid or flexible cytoscope

Question 2

kidney/renal biopsy (Bx)

Answer 2

removal of kidney tissue for pathologic examination

Question 3

intravenous pyelogram/urogram (IVP/IVU)

Answer 3

x-ray image of the urinary tract obtained after an iodine contrast medium has been injected int he bloodstream

Question 4

kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB)

Answer 4

abdominal x-ray image of the kidneys, ureters and bladder

Question 5

scout film

Answer 5

plain-film x-ray image obtained to detect any obvious pathology before further imaging

Question 6

renal angiogram; renal arteriogram

Answer 6

x-ray image of the renal artery obtained after injecting contrast material into a catheter in the artery

Question 7

retrograde pyleogram (RP); retrograde urogram

Answer 7

x-ray image of the bladder, ureters and renal pelvis obtained after contrast medium has been injected up to the kidney by way of a small catheter passed through a cytoscope

Question 8

voiding cystourethrogram (VCU, VCUG)

Answer 8

x-ray image of the bladder and urethra obtained during urination

Question 9

abdominal sonogram

Answer 9

abdominal ultrasound image of the urinary tract, including the kidneys and bladder

Question 10

urinalysis (UA)

Answer 10

physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine

Question 11

specific gravity (SpGr)

Answer 11

measure of the concentration or dilution of urine

Question 12

pH

Answer 12

measure of the acidity or alkalinity of urine

Question 13

glucose

Answer 13

chemical test used to detect sugar in the urine

Question 14

albumin (alb); protein

Answer 14

chemical test used to detect the presence of albumin in the urine

Question 15

ketones

Answer 15

chemical test used to detect the presence of ketone bodies in the urine; positive test = fats used by the metabolism instead of carbohydrates

Question 16

urine occult blood

Answer 16

chemical test for the detection of hidden blood in the urine resulting from red blood cell hemolysis; indicates bleeding from the kidneys

Question 17

bilirubin

Answer 17

chemical test used to detect the presence of bilirubin in the urine; seen in gallbladder and liver disease

Question 18

urobilinogen

Answer 18

chemical test used to detect the presence of bile pigment in the urine; increased amounts seen in gallbladder and liver disease

Question 19

nitrite

Answer 19

chemical test used to detect the presence of bacteria in the urine

Question 20

microscopic findings

Answer 20

microscopic identification of abnormal constituents in the urine (e.g., RBCs, WBCs, and casts); reported per high or low power field

Question 21

urine culture & sensitivity

Answer 21

isolation of a urine specimen in a culture medium to propagate the growth of microorganisms; ones that grow are tested for drug sensitivities

Question 22

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 22

blood test to determine the level of urea in the blood; high BUN indicates one or both kidneys are unable to excrete urea

Question 23

creatinine, serum

Answer 23

test to determine the level of creatinine in the blood

Question 24

creatinine, urine

Answer 24

test to determine the level of creatinine in the urine

Question 25

creatinine clearance testing

Answer 25

measurement of the level of creatinine in the blood and in a 24-hour urine specimen to determine the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood and kidneys