Ch. 10 Anatomic Terms

Question 0

aqueous humor

Answer 0

watery liquid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye (humor = fluid)

Question 1

anterior chamber

Answer 1

fluid-filled space between the cornea and iris

Question 2

canal of Schlemm

Answer 2

duct in the anterior chamber that carries filtered aqueous humor to the veins and bloodstream

Question 3

choroid

Answer 3

vascular layer beneath the sclera that provides nourishment to the outer portion of the retina

Question 4

ciliary body

Answer 4

ring of tissue behind the peripheral iris that is composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary muscle and ciliary processes

Question 5

ciliary muscle

Answer 5

smooth muscle portion of the ciliary body, which contracts to assist in near vision

Question 6

ciliary processes

Answer 6

epithelial tissue folds on the inner surface of the ciliary body that secrete aqueous humor

Question 7

conjunctiva

Answer 7

mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and outer surface of the eyeball

Question 8

cornea

Answer 8

transparent, anterior part of the eyeball covering the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber that functions to refract light to focus a visual image

Question 9

eyelid; palpebra

Answer 9

movable, protective fold that opens and closes, covering the eye

Question 10

fovea centralis

Answer 10

pinpoint depression in the center of the macula lutea that is the site of sharpest vision (fovea = pit)

Question 11

fundus

Answer 11

interior surface of the eyeball, including the retina, optic disk, macula, and posterior pole (curvature at the back of the eye) (fundus = base)

Question 12

glands of Zeis

Answer 12

oil glands surrounding the eyelashes

Question 13

meibomian glands

Answer 13

oil glands located along the rim of the eyelids

Question 14

iris

Answer 14

colored circle; colored part of the eye located behind the cornea that contracts and dilates to regulate light passing through the pupil

Question 15

lacrimal gland

Answer 15

gland located in the upper outer region above the eyeball that secretes tears

Question 16

lacrimal ducts

Answer 16

tubes that carry tears to the lacrimal sac

Question 17

lacrimal sac

Answer 17

structure that collects tears before emptying into the nasolacrimal duct

Question 18

lens

Answer 18

transparent structure behind the pupil that bends and focuses light rays on the retina

Question 19

lens capsule

Answer 19

capsule that encloses the lens

Question 20

macula lutea; macula

Answer 20

central region of the retina; responsible for central vision; yellow pigment provides its color (lutea= yellow)

Question 21

nasolacrimal duct

Answer 21

passageway for tears from the lacrimal sac into the nose

Question 22

optic disk

Answer 22

exit site of the retinal nerve fibers as well as entrance point for retinal arteries and exit point for retinal veins

Question 23

optic nerve

Answer 23

nerve responsible for carrying impulses for the sense of sight from the retina to the brain

Question 24

posterior chamber

Answer 24

space between the back of the iris and the front of the vitreous chamber; filled with aqueous humor

Question 25

pupil

Answer 25

black, circular opening in the center of the iris through which light passes as it enters the eye

Question 26

retina

Answer 26

innermost layer that perceives and transmits light to the optic nerve

Question 27

cones

Answer 27

cone-shaped photoreceptors that respond to bright light

Question 28

rods

Answer 28

rod-shaped photoreceptors that respond to dim light

Question 29

sclera

Answer 29

tough, fibrous, white outer coat extending from the cornea to the optic nerve

Question 30

trabecular meshwork

Answer 30

mesh-like structure in the anterior chamber that filters the aqueous humor as it flows into the canal of Schlemm

Question 31

vitreous

Answer 31

jelly-like mass filling the inner chamber between the lens and retina that gives bulk to the eye