Ch. 22-26 Quiz

Question 1

viewed species as fixed; proposed that life forms could be arranged on a ladder of increasing complexity

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

tried to classify life’s diversity using a binomial naming system

Answer 2

Linnaeus

Question 3

believed that mechanisms of change are constant over time (uniformitarianism)

Answer 3

Lyell

Question 4

Had two incorrect ideas about evolution: (Use and disuse) believed body parts survive based on how often they are used; (inheritance of acquired characteristics) an organism can pass these modifications to its offspring

Answer 4

LaMarck

Question 5

developed paleontology; used catastrophism principle to explain why some animals aren’t in every layer

Answer 5

Cuvier

Question 6

hypothesized that the earth’s atmosphere was a reducing (electron adding) environment where organic compounds could have formed from simple molecules

Answer 6

Oparin and Haldane

Question 7

created lab conditions thought to be comparable to those they thought existed on early Earth to test Oparin and Haldane’s hypothesis; made amino acids but different from those found in living organisms

Answer 7

Miller and Urey

Question 8

block fertilization from occurring; isolation (habitat, temporal, behavior, mechanical, gametic)

Answer 8

prezygotic barriers

Question 9

decreases chances of survival or passing of traits to offspring; reduces hybrid viability and fertility and increases hybrid breakdown (infertile offspring)

Answer 9

postzygotic barriers

Question 10

4.6 billion years to 2.5 billion years ago

Answer 10

Archaean

Question 11

2.5 billion yrs to .6 billion years ago

Answer 11

Proterozoic

Question 12

.6 to .3 billion years ago

Answer 12

Paleozoic

Question 13

.3 to .1 billion yrs ago

Answer 13

Mesozoic

Question 14

said descent with modification explains life’s unity and diversity; believed natural selection brings about the match between organisms and the environment; wrote The Origin of Species

Answer 14

Darwin