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Clinical Psych > Ch. 2 Lecs > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Lecs Flashcards

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1
Q
  • Freud has nothing to do with clinical psych. He founded …
  • term clinical psych didn’t emerge till …
A

psychoanalysis;

mid 1900s

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2
Q

clinical psych is a subfield of psych: psych started out as a … field and predominantly still is …

clinical psychologists do …, …, etc. Not all psychs can do

A

research;
research-based;
psychotherapy;
diagnose;

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3
Q

Freud along with many other early psychologists were …

  • Freud is responsible for starting …
  • all the early psychs would have been labeled … bc they all went to …
A

physicians (i.e. MDs);
psychiatry;
psychiatrists;
med school

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4
Q

(William Tuke)

  • Died in 1822, from England
  • observed deplorable conditions of … (i.e. …) –> tried to improve those conditions
  • opened … - model for more …
A

insane asylums;
psychiatric hospitals;
York retreat;
humane treatment

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5
Q

(William Tuke)

  • prior to this it was believed that mental illness was caused by … Thus, mentally ill people were not treated kindly
  • Wasn’t until 1950s that … came out so psychiatric symptoms were more … and couldn’t be … Today’s meds help …
A 
demonic possession; 
psychiatric meds; 
noticeable; 
controlled; 
quell symptoms
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6
Q

(Philipe Pinel)

  • French
  • Did to France what …
  • patients were being treated like …/…
  • convinced contemporaries that patients were not … and that these were people who needed …
A

Tuke did to England;
inmates/animals;
possessed;
treatment

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7
Q

(Philipe Pinel)

- advocated for his staff to do a … of the person, ongoing … (gave birth to what we do today - people do … today)

A

case study;
treatment notes;
case notes

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8
Q

(Eli Todd)

  • … physician
  • only 3 states then that had … bc most psychiatric patients lived with … and relied on them for care and support
  • using … model he opened … in the US
A 
Connecticut; 
psychiatric hospitals; 
families; 
Philipe Pinel's; 
humane treatment facilities
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9
Q

(Dorothea Dix)

  • From …
  • worked in … system
  • observed that many inmates were actually … and that many mentally ill people were also …
A

Boston;
prison;
mentally ill;
homeless

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10
Q

(Dorothea Dix)

  • These mentally ill inmates were not being …
  • traveled to various cities to persuade politicians and leaders to build facilities for …
  • her efforts resulted in over … for the mentally ill
  • biggest contributor to …
A

treated;
humane treatment;
30 state institutions;
clinical psych

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11
Q

(How did clinical psych actually become clinical psych):
Named by …:
- started first … in US at … in 1896

A

Lightner Witmer;
psych clinic;
University of Pennsylvania

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12
Q

(How did clinical psych actually become clinical psych):
Named by Lightner Witmer:
- wasn’t very friendly. a bit belligerent, liked to argue, blunt to the point of being rude –> wasn’t liked by …, lashed out at …
- founded …

A

peers;
APA colleagues;
first clinical psych journal

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13
Q

(How did clinical psych actually become clinical psych):
Named by Lightner Witmer
- born in 1867, received … in 1892 under … (the …)
- back then psych was a field of …

A

doctorate;
Wilhelm Wundt;
father of psychology;
research

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14
Q

(How did clinical psych actually become clinical psych):
Named by Lightner Witmer
back then psych was a field of research
- measuring …, etc.
- wasn’t … as we know it today. … was not therapy and is not …

A

reaction times;
clinically practiced;
psychoanalysis;
clinical psych

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15
Q

(How did clinical psych actually become clinical psych):
Named by Lightner Witmer:
- by 1914, … clinics in US and by 1935, there were over …
- clinics started with … and with things like …

A

20;
150;
children;
speech impediments

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16
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)

- central to clinical psych is … of mental illness –> we currently do that through …

A

categorization;

DSM 5

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17
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
central to clinical psych is categorization of mental illness
have to categorize bc there are different …
- … - break from …, …

A

mental illnesses;
psychosis;
reality; schizophrenia

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18
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
have to categorize bc there are different mental illnesses:
- … - …, …, …
- psychosis and neurosis are terms that are no longer used
- in 1800s, these were the two broad categories

A

neurosis;
anxiety;
depression;
bipolar categories

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19
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
… was pioneer of diagnosis:
- differentiated between disorders caused by … factors vs. … factors

A

Emil Kraepelin;
external;
internal

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20
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
Emil Kraepelin was pioneer of diagnosis:
his terminology set the stage for …
- e.g. dementia praecox = …, manic-depressive psychosis = …
- throughout time these diagnoses …, take on different shapes/names bc more … is done on these disorders

A 
DSM 5 diagnoses; 
schizophrenia; 
bipolar disorder; 
evolve; 
research
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21
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
Emil Kraepelin was pioneer of diagnosis:
- he coined the term … which we now call … (…)

A

autistic personality;
ASD;
autism spectrum disorder

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22
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
DSM originally came out in 1952 and back then was largely based on …/… premises on mental illness
- Most dramatic change we’ve ever had to DSM was in …
- DSM regularly updates
- DSM-IV-TR: TR is …

A

psychoanalysis/Freud’s;
1980s;
text revision

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23
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
DSM:
- we switched from roman numerals to … so that we can do DSM 5.1, 5.2 etc
- most drastic change from … to … –> …., more …

A

arabic numerals;
DSM 2; DSM 3;
larger;
disorders

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24
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
Most drastic change from DSM 2 to DSM 3
- larger, more disorders
- very …
- introduced …. –> used to diagnose along …, which the DSM 5 got rid of

A

specific criteria;
multi-axial system;
5 axes;

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25
Q 
(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues) 
most drastic change from dsm 2 to dsm 3 
introduced multi-axial system 
- axis 1 - ... disorders
- axis 2 - .../.../... 
- axis 3 - ... disorders
A

clinical;
personality/developmental/long-term;
medical disorders

26
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
Most drastic change from DSM 2 to DSM 3:
introduced multi-axial system:
- Axis 4 - … that can lead to exacerbation of the disorder (e.g. work stress, divorce, job loss, deaths, etc)
- Axis 5 - … scale (…), 0 - 100 level of how client is …

A

psychosocial stressors;
global assessment functioning; GAF;
functioning

27
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
axis 5 - global assessment functioning scale, 0 - 100 level of how client is functioning
- people who couldn’t function would have …

A

lower scores on GAF scale

28
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
As DSM evolves, … come out:
proposed criteria sets for future DSMs (not yet …):
- …
- … syndrome
- …
- …

A 
more disorders; 
disorders; 
internet gaming disorder; 
attenuated (i.e. reduced) psychosis syndrome; 
persistent complex bereavement; 
nonsuicidal self-injury
29
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
Proposed criteria sets for future DSMs:
internet gaming disorder - people addicted to …/…
- some people freak out about phone batteries dying
- disorders happen with 4 Ds - distress, danger, dysfunction, deviance
- people preoccupied with … and are constantly … such that it’s out of control

A

technology/internet;
internet gaming;
gaming

30
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
internet gaming disorder: people preoccupied with internet gaming and are constantly gaming such that it’s out of control:
- …. when not gaming
- can cause … problems - partner feeling … (occurs with internet porn, as well - causes problems with … life, as well)

A

withdrawal;
relationship;
neglected;
sexual

31
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
attenuated (i.e. reduced) psychosis syndrome:
- not full on … - a more reduced sense of that
- …/… psychosis

A

schizophrenia;

mild/brief

32
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
attenuated (i.e. reduced) psychosis syndrome:
- mild/brief psychosis –> …, … that are not fully …, more reduced
- not as severe as … but similar to it

A

hallucinations;
delusions; florid;
schizophrenia

33
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
persistent complex bereavement:
- some people are unable to get back to life
- severe grief for at least …
- grieving is ongoing process throughout life but it is more … and … at the beginning - over time should move on

A

one year;

shocking; sadder

34
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
persistent complex bereavement:
- some people can’t … for 12 months due to … –> could be due to …, due to …, etc

A

function;
grief;
guilt;
unresolved issues

35
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
persistent complex bereavement:
- at least … for children –> children typically …

A
  1. months;

don’t grieve that long

36
Q

(evolution of assessment - diagnostic issues)
nonsuicidal self-injury:
- self-injury without the intention to … (e.g. cutting, burning, scratching, etc) for … or more days in a one-year period
- cutting oneself releases … People emotionally hurting, that they cut themselves and it feels … to them
- can be caused by …, …, …

A 
kill oneself; 
5; 
adrenaline; 
good; 
depression; anxiety; abuse
37
Q

(evolution of assessment) can assess … - one of the first forms of assessment that came out. But, this concept isn’t a real thing - it’s determined by the test we take to determine it
- early debased focused on …

A

intelligence;

what intelligence is

38
Q

(evolution of assessment)
early debased focused on what intelligence is:
- is there … (…)
- are there … (…)

A

general intelligence; “g”;

specific intelligences; “s”

39
Q

(evolution of assessment)

… came up with … in 1905 (related to intelligence testing)

A

Alfred Binet;

IQ;

40
Q

(evolution of assessment)
Alfred Binet came up with IQ in 1905:
- endorsed concept of a … and yielded the IQ
- revised in 1937 by … and was called the … which is still widely used

A

general intelligence;
Turman;
Stanford-Binet intelligence scale

41
Q

(evolution of assessment)
Alfred Binet came up with IQ in 1905:
- originally used for … But David … designed one for …, as well as for children. Used more over Binet today

A

children;
Wechsler;
adults;

42
Q

(evolution of assessment)
Alfred Binet came up with IQ in 1905:
- part of controversy of these tests is that they were written so long ago that they weren’t …

A

culturally sensitive

43
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
projective tests:
- based on assumption that clients project their personality on …
- … method or … test

A

ambiguous stimuli;
Rorscharch inkblot method;
thematic apperception

44
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
projective tests - Rorschach:
- ten … - 5 in …, 5 in …/…, all …

A

inkblots;
color;
black/white;
symmetrical

45
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
projective tests - Rorschach:
ten inkblots:
- nothing that makes sense that are in there, they don’t … It’s what the client sees
- Therapist would ask what that image …
- seeing bodily structures would relate to … things, maybe being …, esp with children

A

represent anything;
means to the client;
sexual;
abused

46
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
projective tests - Rorschach:
- trick is to find … in responses after going through all 10 bc that is where they’re projecting their personality
~
thematic apperception test - …

A

patterns;

interpersonal ambiguous stimuli

47
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
projective tests - thematic apperception test
- would show client … at a time
- it’s important to note when a client sees something …
- not only looking at …, but also looking for …, as well

A

one picture;
repetitively;
pattern;
inconsistencies;

48
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
objective tests - more …
- no … behind projective tests - can’t … what client says, interpretation is based on …

A

scientifically sound;
science;
scientifically validate;
clinical judgment

49
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
objective tests
- scoring and interpretation are very … for these - no … needed
- most common is … (….)

A

straight forward;
interpretation;
Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory; MMPI

50
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
objective tests:
Most common is MMPI:
first came out in 1943, consists of 550 … or … statements:
- … of responses are compared to a …

A

true/false;
cannot say;
patterns;
standardized sample of responses

51
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)
objective tests - MMPI:
- even with these objective tests, … are very important
- back in 1943, was standardized based on … between ages of … and … - very outdated

A

patterns;
white heterosexual males;
18; 35

52
Q

(evolution of assessment - assessment of personality)

  • back in 1943, was standardized based on white heterosexual males between ages of 18 and 35 - very outdated
  • was revised in 1989, … and …, account for … factors
  • mmpi-a for …
A

restandardized;
modernized;
multicultural;
adolescents

53
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)

  • … is most common activity of clinical psychologists today
  • rise in … after ww2 requiring treatment –> increased demand for … and then it took off
A

psychotherapy;
PTSD;
psychotherapy

54
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)
rise in PTSD after ww2 requiring treatment
- increased demand for psychotherapy and then it took off
- different … came out and many psychologists became …

A

schools of therapy;

therapists

55
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)

- … was most common form of psychotherapy initially but in 1950s, other approaches arose: …, …., …

A

Freudian psychoanalysis;
behaviorism;
humanism;
family therapy

56
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)

  • relatively young field
  • … came out recently –> looking at how … and … are intertwined, most endorsed, model that many therapists are trained on now
A

cognitive behavioral therapy;

thoughts; behaviors;

57
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)
therapy approaches proliferated (i.e more came out) in 50s, 60s, 70s:
- more … entered the field. Field is now … dominated
- psych started as a … science - all the people in the field were initially …

A

minorities;
female;
Jewish;
Jewish

58
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)
Psych started as a Jewish science - all the people in the field initially were Jewish
- hitler burned psych books and Freud retorted with “…”
- then … came out in 1970s bc many psychologists didn’t want to do …

A

at least he didn’t burn me;
psy. d;
research

59
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)
psychotherapy took off in …
- now … dictates pay
- back in 80s, therapists would … and then ….

A

1980s;
insurance;
set their rate;
insurance would pay it

60
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)
psychotherapy took off in 1980s:
back in 80s, therapists would set their rate and then insurance would pay it
- now insurance has … - there really is no negotiation though
- increased respect from … –> psychological conditions are …
- number of … increased

A

“negotiated” rates;
medical community
medical conditions;
training programs

61
Q

(evolution of psychotherapy)
… and … of field continues to expand in 90s and 2000s:
- more … (i.e. …) for clinical techniques
- some psychologists in some states have … even though they don’t have MDs

A

size; scope;
empirical support; scientific research;
prescription privileges

Clinical Psych (35 decks)

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