Ch 14: Blood

Question 1

What is plasma

Answer 1

The clear extracellular matrix. It accounts for 55% of blood.
-Also contains proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and gases

Question 2

What are formed elements

Answer 2

Blood part that includes cells and cell fragments. Make up 45% of blood
-Mostly red blood cells
-Leucocytes
-Platelets (Thrombocytes)

Question 3

What are erythrocytes

Answer 3

Red blood cells

Question 4

Granulocytes

Answer 4

-Neutrophils
-Eosinophils
-basophils

Question 5

Neutrophils

Answer 5

-60 to 70% of white blood cells
-Migrate out of the blood vessels to perform phagocytosis

Question 6

Eosinophils

Answer 6

-2 to 5% of white blood cells
-Involved in allergic reactions
-Kill parasites

Question 7

Basophils (blue stain)

Answer 7

-Fewest of the white blood cells only 0.5% to 1% of the count
-Secrete heparin And histamine

Question 8

What is blood for?

Answer 8

Transportation
-Oxygen, CO2, nutrients, waste, hormones
Regulation
-Maintains body temp
-Maintains normal pH in body tissues
Protection
-Controls bleeding
-Defence from infection

Question 9

Agranulocytes

Answer 9

-Lymphocytes
-Monocytes

Question 10

Lymphocytes

Answer 10

-T-Lymphocytes Are involved in attacking infected or cancerous cells
-B-Lymphocytes produce antibodies to specific antigens

Question 11

Monocytes

Answer 11

-Migrate into tissues to become macrophages that ingest bacteria, cellular debris, and cancerous cells

Question 12

What are thrombocytes

Answer 12

Platelets

Question 13

What is hemoglobin

Answer 13

Groups of protein chains with iron-containing heme bound to them
-Oxygen binds to the heme and is transported through the body
-When the oxygen is released, CO2 bonds to globin to go back to the lungs

Question 14

What is erythropoietin

Answer 14

-Hormone produced by kidneys
-When RBC’s are low EPO stimulates the bone marrow to make more Erythrocytes

Question 15

Which organs are responsible for destroying old red blood cells

Answer 15

Liver and spleen

Question 16

Steps of hemostasis

Answer 16

1. Vascular spasm (Constricts the blood vessel to slow the flow)
2. Formation of platelet plug (Rough collagen fibres trigger platelets passing by
   3.Formation of blood clot (fibrin threads form a web at the injury site to catch passing RBCs
3. Dissolution of the blood clot or fibrinolysis (Clot breaks up after healing)

Question 17

reticulocyte

Answer 17

Immature erythrocyte