Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANPH 220 Cardflash > Ch 11: Nervous System > Flashcards

Ch 11: Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Three essential roles of the nervous system

A

-Sensing (Sense organ and nerve endings)
-Integrating (Process information and determine response)
-Responding (Send commands to muscles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Central nervous system

A

Involves the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

-sensory (afferent)
-motor (efferent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sensory nervous system

A

-Somatic sensory (Signals from skin bones joints and muscle)
-Visceral sensory(Signals from viscera of heart lungs stomach and bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Motor nervous system

A

-Somatic motor system (Signals from nerve to central nervous system)
-Autonomic motor system (Signals from the central nervous system to the body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Autonomic motor system

A

-Sympathetic
-Parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Four types of neuroglia in the CNS

A

-Oligodendrocytes
-Ependymal cells
-Microglia
-Astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Form myelin sheath in the brain and spinal cord to speed signal conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ependymal cells

A

-glial cellls
-Line spinal cord and brain cavities
-Secrete and move cerebrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Microglia

A

-Perform phagocytosis of micro organisms and cellular debris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Astrocytes

A

Nourish neurons in the brain tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neuroglia in PNS

A

-Schwann cells
-Satellite cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Schwann cells

A

Form myelin sheath around nerves in the PNS (Same as oligodendrocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Satellite cells

A

Nourishes the neurons in the PNS (Same as astrocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sensory neurons

A

Detect stimuli and transmit information to the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Interneurons

A

Connect incoming sensory pathways with outgoing motor pathways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Motor neurons

A

Relay messages from the brain to the muscle or gland cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Multipolar neurons

A

Have one axon and multiple dendrites. this is the most common type of neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bipolar neurons

A

Have two processes an axon and a dendrite with the cell body in between the two processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Unipolar neurons

A

Have one process: an axon that extends from the cell body before branching in a T shape.
-Exist mostly in the sensory nerves of the peripheral nervous system

21
Q

Sodium potassium pump process

A

-Resting potential
-Depolarization
-Action potential
-Repolarization
-Refractory period

22
Q

Electrical synapse

A

The neurons touch which allows an action potential to pass directly from one neuron to the next

23
Q

Chemical synapse

A

The neurons do not touch so neurotransmitters are used to cross the synaptic cleft.

24
Q

Cauda equina

A

Bundle of nerve roots that protrude from the end of the spinal cord

25
Q

Ascending tract

A

Conveys sensory signals up the spinal cord

26
Q

Descending tract

A

Conveys impulses down the spinal cord to the skeletal muscles

27
Q

Gray matter

A

-Contains no myelin
-Contains motor neurons and interneurons
-H shaped mass in the middle of the spinal cord

28
Q

White matter

A

-Contains myelin
-Contains bundles of axons that carry impulses away from one part of the nerve system to another

29
Q

Epidural space

A

-Between the outer covering of the spinal cord and the vertebrae
-Contains blood vessels connective tissue and fat

30
Q

Central canal of the spinal cord

A

-A small opening in the middle that carries cerebrospinal fluid

31
Q

Three layers of the meninges from the inside out

A

-Pia Mater: Innermost layer that contains blood vessels
-Arachnoid Mater: Middle layer, very thin
-Dura mater: tough outer layer

32
Q

Dorsal nerve roots

A

-Located posteriorly
-Carries information into the spinal cord

33
Q

Ventral nerve roots

A

-Located anteriorly
-Carries motor information out of the spinal cord

34
Q

Ganglion

A

Cell bodies of the dorsal neurons clustered in a knot like structure

35
Q

Spinal nerve

A

-A single nerve resulting from the fusion of the dorsal and ventral nerve roots
-Called a mixed nerve

36
Q

Ascending tracts

A

Convey sensory signals up the spinal cord to the brain

37
Q

Descending tracts

A

Conduct motor impulses down the spinal cord to skeletal muscles

38
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

-Between the pia Mater and the arachnoid Mater
-Contains cerebrospinal fluid

39
Q

Cervical nerves

A

Eight pairs
-C1-C8

40
Q

Thoracic nerves

A

12 pairs
-T1-T12

41
Q

Lumbar nerves

A

Five pairs
-L1-L5

42
Q

Sacral nerves

A

Five pairs
-S1-S5

43
Q

Coccygeal nerve

A

Just one
-Co1

44
Q

Dermatomes

A

Specific area of the skin innervated by each spinal nerve

45
Q

Four major nerve plexus groups

A

-Cervical plexus
-Brachial plexus
-Lumbar plexus
-Sacral plexus

46
Q

Cervical plexus Key nerve

A

Phrenic nerve-Stimulates the diaphragm for breathing

47
Q

Brachial plexus key nerves

A

-axillary nerve
-Radial nerve
-Ulnar nerve
-Median nerve

48
Q

Lumbar plexus key nerve

A

Femoral nerve

49
Q

Sacral plexus key nerve

A

Sciatic nerve-Largest nerve in the body. Runs down the back of the thigh

ANPH 220 Cardflash (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions