Canine and feline science Flashcards
(26 cards)
what is the closest living wild relative to the dog
the grey wolf
selecting of plants and animals
domestication of plants and
animals occurred ~10,000 BCE
in the Fertile Crescent (modern
day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel,
Palestine and Jordan)
▪ Selection for specific traits for
domestication
domestication of the dog
▪ Dogs were the first animals
to be domesticated
▪ Likely >20,000 years ago
what are the two guesses for the way the wolf was domesticated
- Commensal
relationship (one species benefits, other isnt harmed) (not all people believe this: the wolf can hunt well by self, not like there is alot of food scraps) - Pup-adoption
hypothesis
what are some wolf behaviours dogs display
- Social animals
- Hunt in groups
- Raise young collectively
- Communicate
- Excellent individual
memory - Pack memory
- Inbreeding tolerance
- Adaptable lifestyle
what is believed to happen when animal is selected on based on tameness
▪ Changes in behaviour and
morphology
▪ Neural crest cells: precursor cells in
brain, bone and cartilage and
pigmentation
Selection for
domestication
top 10 purebred dog breeds
-lab
-golden
-GSD
-poodle
-frenchie
-aussie
-havenese
-sheltie
-PWD
-BMD
what cat was the domestic cat developed form
african wild cat
changes in cats due to domestication
▪ Reduction in body size
▪ Increased varieties of coat color and length
▪ Variation in eye color
▪ Domestic cat has multiple estrous cycles and most wild
cats have one per year
domestication of cats
-commensal relatioinship ~10,000 years ago
-probably the most recent domestication
-rodent control
-likely occurred in the fertile crescent
-were revered in ancient Egypt (4000 years ago, clear evidance)
cats in the medieval period
Blotched tabby pattern - recessive
mutation in gene Taqpep
* Breeding for this pattern observed in the Medieval Period
* Blotched tabby cat does not occur in the wild
top 5 most common cat breeds
-ragdoll
-maine coon
-devon rex
-the exotic
-persian
top 3 reasons people have cats as pets (besides as rodent control)
- Loving and
affectionate - Provide
companionship - Clean and easy to
care for
▪ These findings are
opposed to the
perception that cats are
independent and aloof
what art was found in asudi arabia
-polygraphs dates 8000-9000 years old
-dogs had up curved tails
-first depictions of human and dogs
-resembled modern canaan breed
what are some of the reasons people owned dogs through out the many years
-food sources
-religious roles (ancient egypt, china, mesoamerica)
-working dogs
-companionship
when did we start to see dog breeds develop
1800s we started seeing breeds thet bred true
animal assisted activities
-casual visitings: hospitals, schools, seniors houses
-calm temperments
-affectonate around people(including strangers)
-cats can also assist
animal assisted therapy
-dogs assisted in meeting established measurable goals
-goal orented, planned, structured, documented
-senior residents and care facilities
hospitals
-schools to promote studying
-children with autism
-prisions
assistant dog categories
-guide dog
-hearing dog
-service dog
-physical disabilities
-medical/seizure responce
-autism spectrum disorder
-physchiatric disabilities
assistance dogs
-trained to work or preform tasks for people with disabilities
guide dogs
assist people with visual disabilities
-avoid obsticles, stop at curbs & steps, ignore noise, negotiate traffic but also must be able to disobey commands that lead to danger
hearing dogs
-alert owners for sounds such as:
-door nock
-oven timer
-telephone
-baby cry
-person calling
other service dogs
-assist people with:
-physical disabilities: mobility & balance
-medical alerts: seizers, hypoglycaemia
-supporting psychiatric disabilities and autism
medical detection dogs
Medical Detection
Seizure detection
Characteristic behaviours prior to
seizure
* Dogs are able to detect a scent
or behavioural changes before
an epileptic attack
Medical Detection
Seizure detection
Cancer detection
* Human bladder cancer
from urine
* Lung cancer from breath
Produces volatile
chemicals
