Canine and feline science

Question 1

what is the closest living wild relative to the dog

Answer 1

the grey wolf

Question 2

selecting of plants and animals

Answer 2

domestication of plants and
animals occurred ~10,000 BCE
in the Fertile Crescent (modern
day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Israel,
Palestine and Jordan)
▪ Selection for specific traits for
domestication

Question 3

domestication of the dog

Answer 3

▪ Dogs were the first animals
to be domesticated
▪ Likely >20,000 years ago

Question 4

what are the two guesses for the way the wolf was domesticated

Answer 4

• Commensal
  relationship (one species benefits, other isnt harmed) (not all people believe this: the wolf can hunt well by self, not like there is alot of food scraps)
• Pup-adoption
  hypothesis

Question 5

what are some wolf behaviours dogs display

Answer 5

• Social animals
• Hunt in groups
• Raise young collectively
• Communicate
• Excellent individual
  memory
• Pack memory
• Inbreeding tolerance
• Adaptable lifestyle

Question 6

what is believed to happen when animal is selected on based on tameness

Answer 6

▪ Changes in behaviour and
morphology
▪ Neural crest cells: precursor cells in
brain, bone and cartilage and
pigmentation
Selection for
domestication

Question 7

top 10 purebred dog breeds

Answer 7

-lab
-golden
-GSD
-poodle
-frenchie
-aussie
-havenese
-sheltie
-PWD
-BMD

Question 8

what cat was the domestic cat developed form

Answer 8

african wild cat

Question 9

changes in cats due to domestication

Answer 9

▪ Reduction in body size
▪ Increased varieties of coat color and length
▪ Variation in eye color
▪ Domestic cat has multiple estrous cycles and most wild
cats have one per year

Question 10

domestication of cats

Answer 10

-commensal relatioinship ~10,000 years ago
-probably the most recent domestication
-rodent control
-likely occurred in the fertile crescent
-were revered in ancient Egypt (4000 years ago, clear evidance)

Question 11

cats in the medieval period

Answer 11

Blotched tabby pattern - recessive
mutation in gene Taqpep
* Breeding for this pattern observed in the Medieval Period
* Blotched tabby cat does not occur in the wild

Question 12

top 5 most common cat breeds

Answer 12

-ragdoll
-maine coon
-devon rex
-the exotic
-persian

Question 13

top 3 reasons people have cats as pets (besides as rodent control)

Answer 13

• Loving and
  affectionate
• Provide
  companionship
• Clean and easy to
  care for
  ▪ These findings are
  opposed to the
  perception that cats are
  independent and aloof

Question 14

what art was found in asudi arabia

Answer 14

-polygraphs dates 8000-9000 years old
-dogs had up curved tails
-first depictions of human and dogs
-resembled modern canaan breed

Question 15

what are some of the reasons people owned dogs through out the many years

Answer 15

-food sources
-religious roles (ancient egypt, china, mesoamerica)
-working dogs
-companionship

Question 16

when did we start to see dog breeds develop

Answer 16

1800s we started seeing breeds thet bred true

Question 17

animal assisted activities

Answer 17

-casual visitings: hospitals, schools, seniors houses
-calm temperments
-affectonate around people(including strangers)
-cats can also assist

Question 18

animal assisted therapy

Answer 18

-dogs assisted in meeting established measurable goals
-goal orented, planned, structured, documented
-senior residents and care facilities
hospitals
-schools to promote studying
-children with autism
-prisions

Question 19

assistant dog categories

Answer 19

-guide dog
-hearing dog
-service dog
-physical disabilities
-medical/seizure responce
-autism spectrum disorder
-physchiatric disabilities

Question 20

assistance dogs

Answer 20

-trained to work or preform tasks for people with disabilities

Question 21

guide dogs

Answer 21

assist people with visual disabilities
-avoid obsticles, stop at curbs & steps, ignore noise, negotiate traffic but also must be able to disobey commands that lead to danger

Question 22

hearing dogs

Answer 22

-alert owners for sounds such as:
-door nock
-oven timer
-telephone
-baby cry
-person calling

Question 23

other service dogs

Answer 23

-assist people with:
-physical disabilities: mobility & balance
-medical alerts: seizers, hypoglycaemia
-supporting psychiatric disabilities and autism

Question 24

medical detection dogs

Answer 24

Medical Detection
Seizure detection
Characteristic behaviours prior to
seizure
* Dogs are able to detect a scent
or behavioural changes before
an epileptic attack
Medical Detection
Seizure detection
Cancer detection
* Human bladder cancer
from urine
* Lung cancer from breath
Produces volatile
chemicals

Question 25

canine forensics

Answer 25

SAR
* Agility
* Endurance
* Persistence
* Self-confidence
- recovery of body

Explosive detection canines
* Sulphur, nitroglycerin
Drugs

▪ Find burial sites and evidence
▪ Study at U of A in 1998 on effectiveness of dog-handler
teams showed that 55-95% of items were found
* Cold weather did not lessen success
* Study in Alabama suggests hot weather and panting
posed more problems (Archaeology, July 2004)
▪ A famous dog-handler team of Eagle and Sandra Anderson
investigated hundreds of cases worldwide
Canine Forensics
▪ In 2004, she was found
planting bones
▪ Discredited their findings and
others

Question 26

breeding of dogs and cats

Answer 26

Breeding of dogs and cats can be profitable, but
knowledge, money, time, space, and care breed is
needed
Schmutz, unpublished