anatomy and physiology- urinary system Flashcards
what are the structures that produce, store, and transport urine
kidney cortex
renal vein
renal artery
renal pelvis
ureter
what are the structures of the urinary system
kidneys
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra
what is the basic functional unit of a kidney
nephron
how many nephrons do kidneys have
1 million
what do nephrons do
they filter blood
what are the three main parts of nephrons
the glomerulus
the bowmans capsle
the tubule (proximal + distal + loop of henle)
what is the system in which the kidneys work
-blood enters kidney form renal artery
-moves into the glomerulus under high pressure
-ultra filtration takes place
-most of the liquid is forced out of the glomerulus
-into the bowman’s capsule
-glucose is reabsorbed in proximal converted tubules
-water is reabsorbed in loop of henle
-salts are reabsorbed in distal convoluted tubule
-what ever isnt reabsorbed is formed into urine
-urine is gathered in collecting ducts
-transported to bladder
what is urine made of
urea, excess salt, and water
how is urine produced, stored, and released
- Produced continuously by the
kidneys - Stored in the bladder
- Released from the body through
the urethra when the bladder
becomes full
how do chickens urinate
it is voided along with feces
what are the functions of the kidneys
-excretion of waste products
-regulation of water balance
-maintenance of pH (H, K, NH3)
-regulate osmotic pressure
-regulate electrolyte levels (Na, K, Mg)
-recycle water and other nutrient
how do hormonal regulation of kidneys work
-hormonal cues help kidneys synchronize osmotic needs of body
what is antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone hormone
helps with water or osmotic needs of the body, Na/K balance (regulates blood pressure)
