Anatomy and physiology- Nervous system

Question 1

what is the central nervous system

Answer 1

the brain and spinal cord

Question 2

what is the peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

-nerves that branch out form brain and spinal cord
-forms the communication network between CNS and rest of the body
-contains somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 3

what is the somatic and autonomic nervous system

Answer 3

SNS- muscle movement and relays info from ears, eyes and skin
ANS- involuntary bodily functions and glands

Question 4

what are the functions of the nervous system

Answer 4

-coordinates all physical activities of the body
-basic pathways of action of all specialized senses (sight, sound, smell)
-helps the body to be aware of and adjust to various changes (internal and external environment (strive for homeostasis))
-nerve cells (carry info form one part of body to another)

Question 5

what are nerve cells called

Answer 5

neurons

Question 6

what main components make up neurons

Answer 6

axon—single long fiber
dendrites—several branched threads

Question 7

what is the myelin sheath of a neuron made of

Answer 7

a fat/protein protective layer

Question 8

what is synapse

Answer 8

the place where axons and dendrites connect and communicate

Question 9

how many synaptic connections does each neuron have

Answer 9

100-1000 (itself neighboring connections etc

Question 10

what is the cerebrum

Answer 10

-largest component of brain
-dicision-making centre of the brain
-sensory and motor processing (voluntary muscle control and interpretations of various sensations(hearing, seeing))
-involved in memory, learning, reasoning and judgement

Question 11

what is the cerebellum

Answer 11

-coordinator of muscular activity in eating, and movement
-damage to the cerebellum results in incoordination

Question 12

what is the thalamus

Answer 12

-bodys information relay station
-all information (except smell) are processed through thalamus
-sleep, wakefulness, consciousness, learning, memory

Question 13

what is the brain stem

Answer 13

this includes midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
-relays information
-helps maintain homeostasis (heart rate, breathing rate, and sleep)

Question 14

what is the mid brain

Answer 14

-included in brain stem
-eye movement

Question 15

what is the pons

Answer 15

-included in brain stem
-facial movement, hearing, balance

Question 16

what is the medulla oblongata

Answer 16

-included in brain stem
-breathing, swallowing, blood pressure, heart rhythms

Question 17

what is the spinal cord

Answer 17

connects the brain and peripheral nervous system—>31 pairs of spinal nerves