Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PE > C8 - Ethics + Deviance in Sport > Flashcards

C8 - Ethics + Deviance in Sport Flashcards

1
Q

What is Amateurism?

A

Playing for the love of sport rather than financial gain.

E.g., 19th-century upper-class athletes who played without payment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Sportsmanship?

A

Showing respect & fairness in sport.

E.g., a footballer kicking the ball out when an opponent is injured.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Gamesmanship?

A

Pushing the rules to gain an advantage without breaking them.

E.g., time-wasting in football or sledging in cricket.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Fair Play?

A

Following rules & spirit of the game.

E.g., shaking hands before and after a match.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Deviance in Sport?

A

Behaviour that breaks rules or norms of sport.

E.g., doping in athletics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Positive Deviance?

A

Over-adherence to rules but causing harm.

E.g., continuing to play while injured.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Negative Deviance?

A

Cheating or intentionally breaking rules.

E.g., diving in football.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Voluntary Deviance?

A

An athlete choosing to cheat.

E.g., Lance Armstrong’s doping.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Cooperative Deviance?

A

Teams colluding for mutual benefit.

E.g., fixing a match for shared rewards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is Enforced Deviance?

A

Pressured into cheating.

E.g., coaches forcing athletes to dope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the causes of Deviance in Sport?

A
  • Pressure to Win
  • Desire for Rewards
  • To Match Competitors
  • Media & Sponsorship Pressure
  • Financial Gain (Bribes, Fixing).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the consequences of Deviance in Sport?

A
  • Damage to reputation
  • Bans & fines
  • Loss of medals/titles
  • Loss of endorsements
  • Legal consequences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What causes Violence in Sport?

A
  • Over-Aggression
  • Frustration (Refereeing, Losing)
  • High Stakes (Financial Pressure)
  • Crowd Influence
  • Poor Officiating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are examples of Violence in Sport?

A
  • Boxing brawls (Mike Tyson biting Evander Holyfield)
  • Zidane’s headbutt in 2006 World Cup Final,
  • Athletes lashing out due to sponsorship pressure
  • Football hooliganism (Hillsborough disaster),
  • Players reacting aggressively to bad calls.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are strategies to prevent Deviance & Violence in Sport?

A
  • Education
  • Fair Play Campaigns
  • Improved Refereeing
  • Law Enforcement
  • Responsible Media
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the pros of Performance-Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) in Sport?

A
  • Increased Performance
  • Extended Career
  • Financial Gains
  • Pressure to Succeed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the cons of Performance-Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) in Sport?

A
  • Unfair advantage
  • Health risks
  • Stripped titles/medals
  • Legal consequences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why do athletes take drugs?

A
  • Pressure to win
  • Financial rewards
  • To match competitors
  • Improve performance & recovery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a Bribe in sports?

A

Paying someone to influence results.

E.g., match officials accepting money.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a Bung in sports?

A

Secret payments in transfer deals.

E.g., football managers taking illegal payments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Match-Fixing?

A

Pre-determined outcome.

E.g., Calciopoli scandal (Juventus 2006).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Sports Betting?

A

Legal or illegal gambling on results.

E.g., illegal betting syndicates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is Simulation in sports?

A

Faking injury or fouls.

E.g., Neymar rolling around excessively in the World Cup.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are strategies to stop drug use in sport?

A
  • WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency)
  • Regular & Random Testing
  • Stricter Punishments
  • Stripping Medals
  • Re-testing Programmes
  • Education Programmes
  • Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What type of substance are amphetamines classified as?

A

CNS stimulants

Central Nervous System stimulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the known ergogenic effects of stimulants like amphetamines?

A
  • Increased alertness
  • reduced fatigue
  • improved reaction time
  • enhanced endurance

These effects help athletes maintain performance during competitions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Why do athletes take stimulants such as amphetamines?

A

To sustain energy and focus during competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which types of athletes commonly use stimulants?

A
  • Sprinters
  • Endurance athletes
  • Team sports
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are common forms of administration for stimulants?

A
  • Pills
  • Powders
  • Injections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are some health risks associated with stimulant use?

A
  • Addiction
  • Cardiovascular strain
  • Paranoia
  • Insomnia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Who was stripped of a gold medal for using stimulants at the 1988 Seoul Olympics?

A

Ben Johnson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What recent doping case involved a UFC fighter in 2020?

A

John Jones - Suspended for doping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What evasion methods are used to avoid detection of stimulant use?

A
  • Microdosing
  • Timing doses to avoid detection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are narcotic analgesics used for?

A

Pain relievers

35
Q

How do narcotic analgesics benefit athletes?

A

Mask pain - enabling athletes to continue performing despite injuries

36
Q

Which types of athletes commonly use narcotic analgesics?

A
  • Contact sports
  • Endurance events
37
Q

What are common forms of administration for narcotic analgesics?

A
  • Tablets
  • Liquids
  • Injections
38
Q

What health risks are associated with narcotic analgesics?

A
  • Addiction
  • Respiratory depression
  • Masking severe injuries
39
Q

Who was banned for using banned substances during the 1994 World Cup?

A

Diego Maradona

40
Q

What recent case involved a University of Akron football player admitting addiction?

A

Jeremy Bruce - No sanction but admitted addiction

41
Q

What evasion methods are used for narcotic analgesics?

A
  • Masking substances
  • Misreporting prescriptions
42
Q

What is blood doping (rEPO) primarily used for?

A

Increased oxygen delivery to muscles, improved endurance

43
Q

How does blood doping enhance athletic performance?

A

Enhances aerobic performance

44
Q

Which types of athletes commonly engage in blood doping?

A
  • Long-distance runners
  • Cyclists
45
Q

What is the common method of administration for blood doping?

A

Injected intravenously

46
Q

What are the health risks associated with blood doping?

A
  • Increased risk of stroke
  • Blood clots
  • Heart attack
47
Q

Who received a lifetime ban and lost 7 Tour de France titles due to blood doping?

A

Lance Armstrong

48
Q

What recent case involved a cyclist suspended for blood doping in 2023?

A

Jaroslav Kulhavý - Suspended for 4 years

49
Q

What evasion methods are used in blood doping?

A
  • Using undetectable variants
  • Manipulating blood samples
50
Q

What are anabolic steroids derived from?

A

Hormone derivatives

51
Q

What are the known ergogenic effects of anabolic steroids?

A
  • Increased muscle mass
  • Strength
  • Recovery
52
Q

Why do athletes use anabolic steroids?

A

Build muscle, speed up recovery

53
Q

Which types of athletes commonly use anabolic steroids?

A
  • Bodybuilders
  • Sprinters
  • Powerlifters
54
Q

What are common forms of administration for anabolic steroids?

A
  • Pills
  • Creams
  • Injections
55
Q

What are some health risks associated with anabolic steroid use?

A
  • Liver damage
  • Heart disease
  • Hormonal imbalance
  • Aggression
56
Q

Who was stripped of 5 medals at the 2000 Sydney Olympics for using anabolic steroids?

A

Marion Jones

57
Q

What recent case involved a middle-distance runner banned for anabolic steroid use in 2021?

A

Shelby Houlihan - Banned for 4 years

58
Q

What evasion methods are used for anabolic steroids?

A
  • Stacking
  • Cycling
  • Using masking agents
59
Q

What is the primary use of diuretics in sports?

A

Water-removing agent

60
Q

What ergogenic effects do diuretics provide?

A

Rapid weight loss, dilution of other banned substances

61
Q

Why do athletes use diuretics?

A

To meet weight categories or mask other substances

62
Q

Which types of athletes commonly use diuretics?

A
  • Boxers
  • Wrestlers
  • Weightlifters
63
Q

What are common forms of administration for diuretics?

A
  • Pills
  • Injections
64
Q

What are some health risks associated with diuretic use?

A
  • Dehydration
  • Kidney damage
  • Electrolyte imbalance
65
Q

Who was sanctioned for diuretics in weightlifting in 2016?

A

Lasha Talakhadze

66
Q

What recent case involved a wheelchair tennis player banned for using diuretics in 2023?

A

Adeline Bervoux - Two-year ban for use of acetazolamide

67
Q

What evasion methods are used for diuretics?

A
  • Masking agents
  • Timing doses
68
Q

What are peptide hormones (rHGH) primarily used for?

A

Stimulates growth, muscle recovery, and fat metabolism

69
Q

How do peptide hormones benefit athletes?

A

Enhance muscle growth, repair tissues

70
Q

Which types of athletes commonly use peptide hormones?

A
  • Bodybuilders
  • Recovery-intensive sports
71
Q

What is the common method of administration for peptide hormones?

72
Q

What are the health risks associated with peptide hormone use?

A
  • Increased cancer risk
  • Diabetes
  • Joint disorders
73
Q

Who was suspended for a season in MLB for using peptide hormones in 2013?

A

Alex Rodriguez

74
Q

What recent case involved a cyclist warned but not suspended for peptide hormone use in 2023?

A

Katerina Nash - Warned but not suspended

75
Q

What evasion methods are used for peptide hormones?

A
  • Timing injections
  • Avoiding documentation
76
Q

What are beta blockers primarily used for?

A

HR regulators

77
Q

What are the known ergogenic effects of beta blockers?

A
  • Reduced anxiety
  • Steady hands
  • Improved precision
78
Q

Why do athletes use beta blockers?

A

To enhance focus and calmness

79
Q

Which types of athletes commonly use beta blockers?

A
  • Archery
  • Shooting
  • Golf
80
Q

What are common forms of administration for beta blockers?

81
Q

What are some health risks associated with beta blocker use?

A
  • Fatigue
  • Depression
  • Dizziness
  • Asthma exacerbation
82
Q

Who was stripped of 2 medals at the 2008 Olympics for using beta blockers?

A

Kim Jong-su

83
Q

What recent case involved a cyclist receiving a lifetime ban due to repeated doping violations in 2022?

A

Patrick Sinkewitz

84
Q

What evasion methods are used for beta blockers?

A

Claiming medical exemptions

PE (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions