bones and joints Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones are there in the adult human body?

A

206

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many bones are there in the hand and wrist?

A

27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how many bones are there in the foot and ankle?

A

26

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the end of bones called?

A

epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the middle section of a bone called?

A

diaphysis shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what separates the diaphysis shaft and epiphysis?

A

epiphyseal plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the first formed bone in the body and last bone to fuse together?

A

clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what type of bone does the epiphysis contain?

A

cancellous bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what protects the ends of the bone?

A

articular cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what surrounds bones?

A

compact bone and periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what lies on the inside of bones?

A

marrow (red and yellow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what allows for bone growth?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the three types of joints?

A
  • synovial
  • fibrous
  • cartilaginous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the function of a synovial joint?

A

Extensive movement, smooth cartilage ,synovial fluid in a capsule.
eg shoulders elbows and knees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the function of fibrous joints?

A

No synovial cavity. Joint held together by dense connective tissue.
eg Skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the function of cartilaginous joints?

A

No synovium, little movement held together by cartilage.
eg Pelvis- most movement during childbirth

17
Q

what are the components of synovial joints?

A

BONES
Articular (hyaline) CARTILAGE
Marginal (fibro) cartilage
Synovial FLUID
Joint CAPSULE
LIGAMENTS (passive stabilisers)
Musculo tendinous support (active stabilisers)
TENDONS
MUSCLE To move the joint

18
Q

what does the joint cavity contain?

A

synovial fluid

19
Q

what two components make up the articular cartilage?

A

fibrous capsule (outside) and synovial membrane (inside)

20
Q

when do the anterior fontanelle close?

A

9-18 months

21
Q

when do the posterior fontanelle close?

A

1-2 months

22
Q

what type of joint is a syndesmoses?

A

a fibrous joint

23
Q

what is a syndemoses?

A

Greater distance between articular surface
More dense connective tissue
Distal tibia and fibula

24
Q

what type of joint is a symphysis?

A

cartilaginous joint

25
what is a symphysis?
Bone ends covered by hyaline cartilage, disc of fibrocartilage in between e.g pelvis, sternum, ribs
26
what type of joint is a synchonrosis?
cartilaginous joint
27
what is a synchondrosis joint?
where hyaline cartilage completely joins together two bones- immovable eg 1st sternocostal joint
28
what is the name for a primary cartilaginous joint?
synchondrosis
29
what is the name for a secondary cartilaginous joint?
symphyses
30
what vessels could rupture if theres trauma at the pterion?
middle meningeal blood vessels
31
what is the function of the atlas?
helps hold the skull up
32
what is the function of the atlas?
helps hold the skull up
33
what does the acromio-clavicular joint join?
appendicular to axial skeleton
34
why do the bones of the spine get bigger going down?
holding more of the body
35
glenoid
36
what is the joint of the hip?
acetabulum (between ilium, ischium and pubis)
37
why is the shoulder joint more likely to dislocate than the hip joint?
the hip joint it deeper
38
what are the categories of bones in the foot?
phalanges, metatarsals and tarsal bones
39
what are the categories of bones in the hand?
phalanges, metacarpals and carpal