bones and joints

Question 1

how many bones are there in the adult human body?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

how many bones are there in the hand and wrist?

Answer 2

27

Question 3

how many bones are there in the foot and ankle?

Answer 3

26

Question 4

what are the end of bones called?

Answer 4

epiphysis

Question 5

what is the middle section of a bone called?

Answer 5

diaphysis shaft

Question 6

what separates the diaphysis shaft and epiphysis?

Answer 6

epiphyseal plate

Question 7

what is the first formed bone in the body and last bone to fuse together?

Answer 7

clavicle

Question 8

what type of bone does the epiphysis contain?

Answer 8

cancellous bone

Question 9

what protects the ends of the bone?

Answer 9

articular cartilages

Question 10

what surrounds bones?

Answer 10

compact bone and periosteum

Question 11

what lies on the inside of bones?

Answer 11

marrow (red and yellow)

Question 12

what allows for bone growth?

Question 13

what are the three types of joints?

Answer 13

• synovial
• fibrous
• cartilaginous

Question 14

what is the function of a synovial joint?

Answer 14

Extensive movement, smooth cartilage ,synovial fluid in a capsule.
eg shoulders elbows and knees

Question 15

what is the function of fibrous joints?

Answer 15

No synovial cavity. Joint held together by dense connective tissue.
eg Skull

Question 16

what is the function of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 16

No synovium, little movement held together by cartilage.
eg Pelvis- most movement during childbirth

Question 17

what are the components of synovial joints?

Answer 17

BONES
Articular (hyaline) CARTILAGE
Marginal (fibro) cartilage
Synovial FLUID
Joint CAPSULE
LIGAMENTS (passive stabilisers)
Musculo tendinous support (active stabilisers)
TENDONS
MUSCLE To move the joint

Question 18

what does the joint cavity contain?

Answer 18

synovial fluid

Question 19

what two components make up the articular cartilage?

Answer 19

fibrous capsule (outside) and synovial membrane (inside)

Question 20

when do the anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 20

9-18 months

Question 21

when do the posterior fontanelle close?

Answer 21

1-2 months

Question 22

what type of joint is a syndesmoses?

Answer 22

a fibrous joint

Question 23

what is a syndemoses?

Answer 23

Greater distance between articular surface
More dense connective tissue
Distal tibia and fibula

Question 24

what type of joint is a symphysis?

Answer 24

cartilaginous joint

Question 25

what is a symphysis?

Answer 25

Bone ends covered by hyaline cartilage, disc of fibrocartilage in between
e.g pelvis, sternum, ribs

Question 26

what type of joint is a synchonrosis?

Answer 26

cartilaginous joint

Question 27

what is a synchondrosis joint?

Answer 27

where hyaline cartilage completely joins together two bones- immovable eg 1st sternocostal joint

Question 28

what is the name for a primary cartilaginous joint?

Answer 28

synchondrosis

Question 29

what is the name for a secondary cartilaginous joint?

Answer 29

symphyses

Question 30

what vessels could rupture if theres trauma at the pterion?

Answer 30

middle meningeal blood vessels

Question 31

what is the function of the atlas?

Answer 31

helps hold the skull up

Question 32

what is the function of the atlas?

Answer 32

helps hold the skull up

Question 33

what does the acromio-clavicular joint join?

Answer 33

appendicular to axial skeleton

Question 34

why do the bones of the spine get bigger going down?

Answer 34

holding more of the body

Question 35

glenoid

Question 36

what is the joint of the hip?

Answer 36

acetabulum (between ilium, ischium and pubis)

Question 37

why is the shoulder joint more likely to dislocate than the hip joint?

Answer 37

the hip joint it deeper

Question 38

what are the categories of bones in the foot?

Answer 38

phalanges, metatarsals and tarsal bones

Question 39

what are the categories of bones in the hand?

Answer 39

phalanges, metacarpals and carpal