Blood Pressure💘

Question 1

Blood flow equation

Answer 1

Change in pressure over resistance

Question 2

Blood flow can be controlled

Answer 2

Locally (eg vasodilation)

Centrally autonomic / sympathetic (fast) and endocrine (longer)

Question 3

Sympathetic activation

Answer 3

Decreased blood pressure
Decreased firing from baroreceptors
Vasomotor centre in the medulla
Increased sympathetic action

Question 4

Renin angiotensin aldosterone system RAAS

Answer 4

Renin secreted which converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1 which converts to angiotensin 11 which causes vasoconstriction
Increased sympathetic action
Adh secretion renal NACL absorption
AND ALDOSTERONE SECRETION

Question 5

Adh

Answer 5

Increases water reabsorption in kidneys and vasoconstriction

Question 6

Natriuretic peptide system

Answer 6

Secreted by heart ANP BNP and cGMP

Counteracts effects of RAAS ADH and sympathetic system

Question 7

Pharmacological control of blood pressure

Answer 7

ACE inhibitor prevent conversion of ang1 to ang2 end in pril
ARBS block angiotensin receptors end in sartan
Antimineralocorticoids intefere with aldosterone preventing na and h20 retention
Alpha and beta blockers decrease bp
Calcium antagonists causes vasodilation and stops ca from entering smooth muscle cells causing sphincter contraction

Question 8

Name of sounds you hear when measuring blood pressure

Answer 8

Korotkoff sounds

Question 9

Pulse pressure

Answer 9

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 10

Lusitropy

Answer 10

Rate of myocardial relaxation

So negative lusitrope decrease myocardial relaxation rate