Blood Flashcards
transport molecules around the body
blood
composition of blood
55% plasma, 45% cells
goal of blood
oxygen into the blood, get carbon dioxide out of the blood
mostly water, sticky, made up of proteins and sugars
plasma
three components of plasma
1)proteins 2)nutrients 3)salts
breakdown of proteins in plasma (major categories)
albumin, immunoglobulin(IgGs), and clotting proteins
breakdown of nutrients in plasma
glucose, amino acids, dissolved gasses(O2 and CO2)
breakdown of salt in plasma
NaCl
three formed elements in blood
erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets
red blood cells, 45% of blood volume
erythrocytes
white blood cells, .5% of blood vlolume
leukocytes
thrombocytes, .5% of blood volume
platelets
carry oxygen through the blood
erythrocytes
% age of blood volume that is red blood cells
hemocrit
factors that increase hemocrit
high altitude, sometimes exercise, shallow breathing problems(empysema), and being male
bags of hemoglobin
red blood cells
carries O2 and has four subunits
hemoglobin
the sub units of hemoglobin each have these which have iron atoms at their center
heme disc
saturated with four oxygens
oxyhemoglobin (HbO2)
three or fewer oxygens
deoxyhemoglobin (HHb)
shape of erythrocytes
biconcave disc(donut ish)
size of erythrocytes
just fit through the smallest capillaries (d=7.5
what readily allows O2 in and out of erythrocytes
the biconcave shape
no nucleus, steadily made in red bone marrow
anucleate
do not use oxygen
anaerobic
production of red blood cells
erythropoiesis
low blood oxygen levels
hypoxia
stimulates red blood cell production in red bone marrow
erythropoietin
process of adjusting the hematocrit
oxygen blood level imbalance, kidney release erythropoietin, stimulates red bone marrow, enhanced erythropoiesis, increases oxygen carrying ability
what was used in the tour de france to stimulate oxygen to blood
EPO
erythropoietin is what base
amino acid
