Basic cell physiology/Fluid balance Flashcards
Selective permeability
Define
The cell membrane chooses which compound to allow across, depending on what the cell needs
Phospholipid bilayer
What are the layers
- Hydrophobic
- Hydrophilic
Hydrophilic
Define
- Outer layer made up of phosphate groups
water loving
Hydrophobic
Define
- Inner layer made up of lipids or fatty acids
Water hater
Organic molecules
Basic definition
Molecules created without carbon
Inorganic molecules
Basic definition
rise electrolytes when disassociated in water
Cation
Define
Positively charged electrolyte
Anion
Define
Negitively charged electrolyte
Major cations of the body
(3)
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Calcium
Major anions of the body
(2)
- Phosphate
- Bicarbonate
Sodium
Function in the body
- Regulates distribution of water throughout the body in the intravascular and interstitial fluid compartments
- plays major roll in adequate cellular perfusion
Potassium
Function in the body
- Neuromuscular function as well as converting glucose to glycogen
- Regulated by insulin
Hypokalemia
Define
What does it lead to?
Low potassium levels in the blood plasma
Leads to decreased skeletal muscular function, gastrointestinal disturba
Serum
Define
Blood plasma
Hyperkalemia
Define
What does this lead to
High potassium levels
Results in hyperstimulation of neural cell transmission resulting in car
Hypercalcemia
Define
What does this lead to?
High calcium levels in the serum
Leads to decreased stimulation of nerve cells
Hypocalcemia
Define
Low calcium in the serum
Calcium
Whats the function in the body
- needed for bone growth
- Plays important role in the function of the heart muscle function, nerves, cell, and proper blood clotting
Bicarbonate
Whats the abbreviation for this
Whats it determine
Hco3-
Determines acidosis vs alkalosis in the body
Acidosis
Define
Excessive acid in the body
Alkalosis
Define
Excessive base, or alkali
Bicarbonate
What does it do for the body
Primary buffer used in all circulation of bodily fluids
Chloride
Function in the body
Regulates pH levels of the stomach and extracellular fluid levels
Phosphorus
Function in the body
Important component in the formation of ATP
Concentration gradient
Define
an area of higher concentration moves to an area of low concentration
EX. I have fruit snacks mary has none now i want to share
diffusion
Define
the actual movement of something from the high to lower concentration area
EX. I want to share my fruit snacks because mary has none and i give her some. BAM… Diffusion
Antidiuretic hormone
Whats that?
ADH prevents loss of water from the kidneys by causing reabsorption
Active transport
Define
- The cell uses energy in the form of ATP to actively transport compounds across its membrane
- The cost is it uses energy, the benefit is it brings glucose into the cell at the same time
