Basic cell physiology/Fluid balance

Question 1

Selective permeability

Define

Answer 1

The cell membrane chooses which compound to allow across, depending on what the cell needs

Question 2

Phospholipid bilayer

What are the layers

Answer 2

• Hydrophobic
• Hydrophilic

Question 3

Hydrophilic

Define

Answer 3

• Outer layer made up of phosphate groups
  water loving

Question 4

Hydrophobic

Define

Answer 4

• Inner layer made up of lipids or fatty acids
  Water hater

Question 5

Organic molecules

Basic definition

Answer 5

Molecules created without carbon

Question 6

Inorganic molecules

Basic definition

Answer 6

rise electrolytes when disassociated in water

Question 7

Cation

Define

Answer 7

Positively charged electrolyte

Question 8

Anion

Define

Answer 8

Negitively charged electrolyte

Question 9

Major cations of the body

(3)

Answer 9

• Sodium
• Potassium
• Calcium

Question 10

Major anions of the body

(2)

Answer 10

• Phosphate
• Bicarbonate

Question 11

Sodium

Function in the body

Answer 11

• Regulates distribution of water throughout the body in the intravascular and interstitial fluid compartments
• plays major roll in adequate cellular perfusion

Question 12

Potassium

Function in the body

Answer 12

• Neuromuscular function as well as converting glucose to glycogen
• Regulated by insulin

Question 13

Hypokalemia

Define

What does it lead to?

Answer 13

Low potassium levels in the blood plasma

Leads to decreased skeletal muscular function, gastrointestinal disturba

Question 14

Serum

Define

Answer 14

Blood plasma

Question 15

Hyperkalemia

Define

What does this lead to

Answer 15

High potassium levels

Results in hyperstimulation of neural cell transmission resulting in car

Question 16

Hypercalcemia

Define

What does this lead to?

Answer 16

High calcium levels in the serum

Leads to decreased stimulation of nerve cells

Question 17

Hypocalcemia

Define

Answer 17

Low calcium in the serum

Question 18

Calcium

Whats the function in the body

Answer 18

• needed for bone growth
• Plays important role in the function of the heart muscle function, nerves, cell, and proper blood clotting

Question 19

Bicarbonate

Whats the abbreviation for this

Whats it determine

Answer 19

Hco3-

Determines acidosis vs alkalosis in the body

Question 20

Acidosis

Define

Answer 20

Excessive acid in the body

Question 21

Alkalosis

Define

Answer 21

Excessive base, or alkali

Question 22

Bicarbonate

What does it do for the body

Answer 22

Primary buffer used in all circulation of bodily fluids

Question 23

Chloride

Function in the body

Answer 23

Regulates pH levels of the stomach and extracellular fluid levels

Question 24

Phosphorus

Function in the body

Answer 24

Important component in the formation of ATP

Question 25

Concentration gradient

Define

Answer 25

an area of higher concentration moves to an area of low concentration

EX. I have fruit snacks mary has none now i want to share

Question 26

diffusion

Define

Answer 26

the actual movement of something from the high to lower concentration area
EX. I want to share my fruit snacks because mary has none and i give her some. BAM… Diffusion

Question 27

Antidiuretic hormone

Whats that?

Answer 27

ADH prevents loss of water from the kidneys by causing reabsorption

Question 28

Active transport

Define

Answer 28

• The cell uses energy in the form of ATP to actively transport compounds across its membrane
• The cost is it uses energy, the benefit is it brings glucose into the cell at the same time