Back & Spine Flashcards
What muscles controlled by C4 motor nerve
trapezius
rhomboid
What muscles controlled by C5 motor nerve
deltoid
biceps
What muscles controlled by C6 motor nerve
wrist extensors
What muscles controlled by C7 motor nerve
triceps
wrist flexors
What muscles controlled by C8 motor nerve
finger flexors
What muscles controlled by T1 motor nerve
intrinsic
What muscles controlled by L1-L2 motor nerves
iliopsoas
What muscles controlled by L3 motor nerve
quadriceps
What muscles controlled by L4 motor nerve
tibialis anterior
What muscles controlled by L5 motor nerve
EHL
gluteus medius
What muscles controlled by S1 motor nerve
gastrocsoleus
peronei
What muscles controlled by S2-S5 motor nerve
rectal examination
what are categories of degenerative spine disorders
mechanical causes
“pinched nerve” causes
What spine disorder is self-limiting
disc degeneration
What are causes of low back pain
spondylogenic
non-spondylogenic
What are spondylogenic types
disc degeneration spondylolisthesis fractures inflammatory infection tumor
What are non-spondylogenic types
vaculogenic
viscerogenic
neurogenic
What is the pathology of disc degeneration
“dehydration”
nucleosis pulposus - desiccated
annulus fibrosis - fissures
Is there a correlation between severity of pain and amount of disc degeneration
no
What are aggravating factors for disc degeneration
repetitive activities vibration smoking osteoporosis genetic occupational anxiety/stress/depression
What back pain in elderly raises red flags
compression fracture
tumor
infection
what back pain in children raises red flags
all
What is radiculopathy
radiating pain
caused by nerve root compression or irritation
What are complaints associated with radiculopathy
pain numbness diminished sensation tingling weakness
