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GCSE AQA Biology > B5.6/B5.7/B5.8/B5.10 - Types of diseases > Flashcards

B5.6/B5.7/B5.8/B5.10 - Types of diseases Flashcards

1
Q

cure for bacterial diseases

A

antibiotics

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2
Q

cure for viral diseases

A

no cure

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3
Q

symptoms

A

body’s reaction to virus spreading

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4
Q

Measles symptoms

A

-fever + red skin rash
-long term = blindness/brain damage

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5
Q

Measles spreads by

A

droplet infection

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6
Q

Measles treatment

A

only vaccinations to build immunity

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7
Q

HIV symptoms

A

-mild flu-like symptoms

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8
Q

HIV spreads through

A

-direct sexual contact
-exchange of bodily fluids

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9
Q

AIDS development

A

-HIV pathogen attacks immune cells
-weakens immune system
-body comes in contact with another pathogen and it too weak to fight it = state of AIDS

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10
Q

HIV treatment

A

-no cure/vaccine
-prevented by condoms
+ not sharing needles
+ reducing number of sexual partners
-regular use of antiretroviral drugs prevents AIDS

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11
Q

Tobacco Mosaic virus (TMV)

A

-caused by virus in plants

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12
Q

TMV cause

A

-vectors spread disease

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13
Q

TMV symptoms

A

-mosaic pattern on plant leaves
-stunts growth
-reduced crop yield

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14
Q

Prevention of TMV

A

-good hygiene
-pest control = eliminates vectors
-TMV -resistant strains of crops

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15
Q

Salmonella Food poisoning

A
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16
Q

salmonella

A

bacteria that lives in guts of animals

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17
Q

effect of salmonella

A

-disrupts natural bacteria of gut

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18
Q

cause of salmonella

A

-undercooked food = bacteria not killed
-unhygienic conditions = contaminated

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19
Q

symptoms of salmonella

A

-fever
-abdominal cramps
-vomiting
-diarrhoea

20
Q

prevention of salmonella by

A

-vaccinating poultry
-isolating raw meat
-disinfect hands/surfaces

21
Q

Gonorrhoea

A

-STD
-bacterial infection

22
Q

Gonorrhoea spreads by

A

unprotected sexual contact

23
Q

Prevention/cure of Gonorrhoea

A

-condoms
-reducing number of sexual partners
-antibiotics

24
Q

Symptoms of Gonorrhoea

A

-thick yellow discharge
-pain in urination
-long term = pelvic pain/infertility/ectopic pregnancy

25
Q

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

A

-cases crown galls

26
Q

crown galls

A

growth of unspecialised cells that grow between root/shoot

27
Q

How Agrobacterium tumefaciens affect the plant

A

-bacteria insert plasmids into plant cells
-cause crown galls

28
Q

Agrobacterium tumefaciens scientific advancements

A

-key tool for scientists to modify plants cell with
+ add new genes

29
Q

Rose black spot disease

A

-fungal disease in roses

30
Q

Rose black spot disease symptoms

A

-black spots on rose leaves
-leaves turn yellow + drop early
-weakens plant = less photosynthesis

31
Q

Rose black spot disease spread

A

-fungal spread carried by wind
-stay dormant through winter

32
Q

Rose black spot disease prevented by

A

-burning infected plants
-fungicides

33
Q

protists

A

a type of single celled organism
-carried by vectors that transfers to a host

34
Q

Malaria cause

A

-caused by protist (Plasmodium)
-which reproduces sexually in vectors and asexually in host

35
Q

Protists (malaria) travel in body of host

A

-transferred into bloodstream
-as mosquito feeds on human

36
Q

Effect of protists

A

-attack liver and red blood cells

37
Q

Malaria symptoms

A

-fever
-shaking
-can be fatal

38
Q

Malaria prevented by

A
  • using mosquito nets
    -insecticides
    -taking antiretroviral drugs
    -removing standing bodies of water - reduces breeding of vectors
39
Q

aphids

A

insects that penetrate plant’s phloem and feed on dissolved food
-can act as vectors for pathogens

40
Q

Effect o plants due to aphids

A
41
Q

Prevention of aphids

A

-insecticides
-releasing aphid eating insects

42
Q

Nematode worms

A

-feed on soil plant roots
-damages plant = can’t absorb nutrients = stunted growth

43
Q

Nitrate ion deficiency in plants

A

-cannot convert sugars in photosynthesis to proteins needed in proteinsynthesis
-stunted growth

44
Q

Magnesium ion deficiency in plants

A

-chlorophyll cannot be made
-leaves turn yellow (chlorosis)
-growth slows = lack of photosynthesis

45
Q

symptoms of disease in plants

A

-stunted growth
-areas of decay
-spots on leaves
-malformed leaves/stem
-discolouration
-growths (crown galls)
-presence of visible pests

46
Q

How can plant disease be managed

A

-gardening manuals = compare symptoms
-lab tests = to identify pathogen
-monoclonal antibodies = testing kits identify pathogen

GCSE AQA Biology (45 decks)

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