B12 - Homeostasis + Endocrine system

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

regulation of internal conditions of organism to maintain optimum conditions for function in response to internal/external changes

Question 2

core body temp

Answer 2

-37.c
-enzymes work best here

Question 3

factors affecting body temp

Answer 3

-fever
-exercise
-external temp

Question 4

thermoregulatory centre

Answer 4

control body temp

Question 5

thermoregulatory centre contains

Answer 5

receptors that are sensitive to temperature changes in blood flowing through brain

Question 6

thermoregulatory centre located

Answer 6

in hypothalamus in brain

Question 7

receptors in skin

Answer 7

-sends impulses to thermoregulatory centre
-info about skin temp

Question 8

receptors in skin can detect

Answer 8

0.5.c change

Question 9

core body temp rises

Answer 9

-measures are taken to increase energy transferred to surroundings
-cools body down

Question 10

vasodilation

Answer 10

-blood vessels that supply your surface skin capillaries dilate

Question 11

vasodilation effect

Answer 11

allows more blood to flow
-skin flushes
-transfers more energy by radiation from skin to surroundings

Question 12

processes to cool body down

Answer 12

-vasodilation
-sweating

Question 13

sweat from sweat glands

Answer 13

-cools body
-water evaporates from skin surface
-transfers energy

Question 14

Effect of body temp falling

Answer 14

-enzyme controlled reactions in cells fall
-less respiration = cells die

Question 15

thermoregulatory centre detecting temp change

Answer 15

impulses are sent from thermoregulatory centre to body to reduce energy transfer to environment

Question 16

vasoconstriction

Answer 16

blood vessels that supply skin capillaries constrict

Question 17

effect of vasconstriction

Answer 17

-reduces blood flow through capillaries
-reduces energy transferred by radiation through skin

Question 18

processes to warm body up

Answer 18

-vasoconstriction
-reduce sweating
-shivering

Question 19

shivering

Answer 19

-skeletal muscles contract/relax rapidly
-energy transferred from resp raises temp

Question 20

Carbon dioxide

Answer 20

-produced during resp
-dissolved co2 = acidic solution which affects working enzymes

Question 21

Co2 removed by

Answer 21

-diffuses out of cells into blood
-diffuses from blood into air in alveoli
-exhaled = moist air leaves (water)

Question 22

urea

Answer 22

-produced by break down of excess amino acids in liver

Question 23

urea removed by

Answer 23

-passes from liver into blood
-if builds up will damage cells
filtered out by kidneys and passes as urine

Question 24

urea produced when

Answer 24

-excess proteins have been consumed
-tissues are worn out
-extra proteins must be broken down
-cannot be used as fuel

Question 25

deamination

Answer 25

-liver removes amine group from amino acids to form ammonia (toxic)

Question 26

ammonia is then converted into

Answer 26

urea

Question 27

reason for deamination

Answer 27

so that rest of amino acid can be used in respiration or building up other molecules

Question 28

what happens when osmosis is out of control

Answer 28

-cells won’t function efficiently

Question 29

Not controlled processes of removing waste

Answer 29

-water in exhalation
-water, mineral ions and urea through sweat

Question 30

Controlled processes of removing waste

Answer 30

-urea, water, mineral ion through kidneys (urine)
-maintain water/mineral ion content in blood
-removes all urea