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Developmental Psychology > ASU Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth > Flashcards

ASU Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth Flashcards

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1
Q

takes place in the first two weeks after conception; creation of the zygote, continued cell division, attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall

A

germinal period

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2
Q

inner layers of cells that develops into the embryo

A

blastocyst

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3
Q

outer layer of cells that provides nutrition and support for the embryo

A

trophoblast

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4
Q

occurs two to eight weeks after conception, support systems for the cells form and organs appear

A

embryonic period

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5
Q

rate of cell differentiation intensifies and mass of cells

A

embryo

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6
Q

three layers of cells

A

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

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7
Q

contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats

A

amnion

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8
Q

contains two arteries and one vein, connects the baby to the placenta

A

umbilical cord

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9
Q

disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join

A

placenta

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10
Q

organ formation that takes place during the first two months of prenatal development

A

organogensis

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11
Q

period between two months after conception and birth

A

fetal period

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12
Q

nerve cells which handle information processing at the cellular level in the brain

A

neurons

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13
Q

failure of the _______ to close may cause anencephaly and spina bifida

A

neural tube

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14
Q

generation of new neurons

A

neurogenesis

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15
Q

cells moving outward from their point of origin to their appropriate locations

A

neuronal migration

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16
Q

agent that causes a birth defect

A

teratogen

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17
Q

field of study that investigates the causes of birth defects

A

teratology

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18
Q

antibiotics, antidepressants, hormones, accutane

A

prescription drugs that can function as teratogens

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19
Q

diet pills and high dosages of aspirin

A

nonprescription drugs that can be harmful

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20
Q

act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods

A

psychoactive drugs

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21
Q

incompatibility between the mother’s and father’s blood types poses risk to prenatal development

A

incompatible blood types

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22
Q

radiation, toxic wastes, and other chemical pollutants

A

environmental hazards

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23
Q

rubella and syphilis, genital herpes and AIDS

A

maternal diseases

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24
Q

relationship-centered program which provides complete prenatal care in a group setting

A

CenteringPregnancy

25
Q

home visits by trained nurses beginning in the second or third trimester of prenatal development

A

Nurse Family Partnership

26
Q

uterine contractions are 15 to 20 minutes apart and last up to 1 minute; longest stage

A

1st stage of birth

27
Q

begins when the baby’s head starts to move through the cervix and birth canal

A

2nd stage of birth

28
Q

when the placenta, umbilical cord, and other membranes are detached and expelled

A

3rd stage of birth / afterbirth

29
Q

caregiver who provides continuous physical, emotional, and educational support for the mother before, during, and after childbirth

A

doula

30
Q

reduces the mother’s pain by decreasing her fear through education about childbirth and relaxation techniques during delivery

A

natural childbirth

31
Q

special breathing technique to control pushing in the final stages of labor, provides detailed anatomy and physiology course

A

prepared childbirth

32
Q

another term for prepared childbirth

A

Lamaze method

33
Q

surgical procedure in which the baby is removed from the mother’s uterus through an incision made in her abdomen

A

Cesarean delivery

34
Q

baby’s position in the uterus that causes the buttocks to be the first part to emerge from the vagina

A

breech position

35
Q

used in the first month of life to assess the newborn’s neurological development, reflexes, and reactions to people and objects

A

Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)

36
Q

assessment of the newborn’s behavior, neurological and stress responses, and regulatory capacities

A

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS)

37
Q

weighs less than 5 1/2 pounds at birth

A

low birth weight infants

38
Q

born before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation

A

preterm infants

39
Q

infants’ birth weights are below normal when the length of pregnancy is considered

A

small for date infants

40
Q

involves skin-to-skin contact

A

kangaroo care

41
Q

involves a major depressive episode that typically occurs four weeks after delivery

A

postpartum depression

42
Q

period after childbirth that lasts until mother’s body has completed its adjustment and has returned to a nearly prepregnant state

A

postpartum period

43
Q

strong feelings of sadness, anxiety, or despair; have trouble coping with daily tasks

A

postpartum depression

44
Q

formation of a physical bond, between parents and their newborn shortly after birth

A

bonding

45
Q

baby remains in the mother’s room most of the time during its hospital stay

A

rooming-in arrangement

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
In the United States, 98.6 percent of births take place in hospitals.

A

TRUE

47
Q

analgesia, anesthesia, and oxytocin (method of childbirth)

A

medication

48
Q

screening for manageable conditions and treatable diseases; programs include educational, social, and nutritional services; exercise during pregnancy

A

prenatal care

49
Q

FIRST TRIMESTER
less than 1/10 inch long, called a “zygote”

beginning development of spinal cord, nervous system, gastrointestinal system, heart, and lungs; amniotic sac envelops the preliminary tissues of entire body

A

conception to 4 weeks

50
Q

FIRST TRIMESTER
just over 1 inch long, called an “embryo”

face is forming, arms and legs are moving, brain is forming

A

8 weeks

51
Q

FIRST TRIMESTER
is about 3 inches long and weighs about 1 ounce, called a “fetus”

can move arms, legs, fingers, and toes; fingerprints are present; can smile, frown, suck, and swallow; sex is distinguishable, can urinate

A

12 weeks

52
Q

SECOND TRIMESTER
about 6 inches long, weighs 4-7 ounces

heartbeat is strong, skin is thin and transparent, downy hair covers body, fingernails and toenails are forming, has coordinated movements

A

16 weeks

53
Q

downy hair

A

lanugo

54
Q

SECOND TRIMESTER
about 12 inches long, weighs close to 1 pound

heartbeat is audible, sucks thumb, hiccups + hair, eyelashes, eyebrows are present

A

20 weeks

55
Q

SECOND TRIMESTER
about 14 inches long, weighs 1 to 1 1/2 pounds

has strong grip, eyes are open, waste matter is collected in bowel, skin is wrinkled and covered with protective coating

A

24 weeks

56
Q

THIRD TRIMESTER
about 16 inches long, weighs about 3 pounds

adding body fat, very active, breathing movements are present

A

28 weeks

57
Q

THIRD TRIMESTER
is 16 to 18 inches long, weighs 4 to 5 pounds

has periods of sleep and wakefulness, responds to sounds, bones of head are soft and flexible

A

32 weeks

58
Q

THIRD TRIMESTER
19 to 20 inches long, weighs 6 to 7 1/2 pounds

skin is less wrinkled, lanugo is mostly gone, less active, gaining immunities from mother

A

36 to 38 weeks

59
Q

protective coating

A

vernix caseosa

Developmental Psychology (28 decks)

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