ASU Chapter 19: Socio-emotional Development in Late Adulthood

Question 1

Involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one’s life has not been well spent

Answer 1

Integrity vs. despair

Question 2

Looking back at one’s life experiences, evaluating them, and interpreting/reinterpreting them

Answer 2

Life review

Question 3

Discussing past activities and experiences with another individual or group

Answer 3

Reminisce therapy

Question 4

Existential identity; a sense of integrity strong enough to withstand physical disintegration

Answer 4

OLD AGE
Integrity vs. despair: wisdom

Question 5

Caring for others, and empathy and concern

Answer 5

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
Generativity vs. stagnation: care

Question 6

Sense of complexity of relationships; value of tenderness and loving freely

Answer 6

EARLY ADULTHOOD
Intimacy vs. isolation: love

Question 7

Sense of complexity of life; merger of sensory, logical, and aesthetic perception

Answer 7

ADOLESCENCE
Identity vs. confusion: fidelity

Question 8

Humility; acceptance of the course of one’s life and unfulfilled hopes

Answer 8

SCHOOL AGE
Industry vs. inferiority: competence

Question 9

Humor; empathy; resilience

Answer 9

EARLY CHILDHOOD
Initiative vs. guilt: purpose

Question 10

Acceptance of the cycle of life, from integration to disintegration

Answer 10

TODDLERHOOD
Autonomy vs. shame: will

Question 11

Appreciation of interdependence and relatedness

Answer 11

INFANCY
Basic trust vs. mistrust: hope

Question 12

The more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives

Answer 12

Activity theory

Question 13

Older adults become more selective about their social networks; spend more time with individuals with whom they have had rewarding relationships

Answer 13

Socioemotional selectivity theory

Question 14

Classes of goals

Answer 14

• Knowledge-related
• Emotional

Question 15

States successful aging is related to following factors:
- Selection
- Optimization
- Compensation

Answer 15

Selective optimization with compensation theory

Question 16

Older adults have a reduced capacity and loss of functioning, which require a reduction in performance in most life domains

Answer 16

Selection

Question 17

It is possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new technologies

Answer 17

Optimization

Question 18

Older adults need to compensate when life tasks require a higher level of capacity

Answer 18

Compensation

Question 19

Predicts earlier death

Answer 19

Low conscientiousness and high neuroticism

Question 20

Related to a lower risk of earlier death

Answer 20

Higher conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness

Question 21

Predicts lower mortality risk from childhood through late adulthood

Answer 21

Conscientiousness

Question 22

Self-esteem tends to decline significantly in the seventies and eighties because of:

Answer 22

• Being widowed, institutionalized, or physically impaired
• Having a low religious commitment
• Declining health

Question 23

What individuals might become, what they would like to become, and what they are afraid of becoming

Answer 23

Possible selves

Question 24

Prejudice against others because of their age

Answer 24

Ageism

Question 25

Physical and emotional caretaking for older members of the family

Answer 25

Eldercare

Question 26

View that the aging society is being unfair to its younger members by receiving large allocations of resources

Answer 26

Generational inequity

Question 27

Reduces the likelihood of being depressed by one-third

Answer 27

Technology

Question 28

TRUE or FALSE:
Older adults who can sustain themselves living alone often have good health and few disabilities.

Answer 28

TRUE

Question 29

In 2012, __ percent of U.S. adults over 65 years were married

Answer 29

58 percent

Question 30

TRUE or FALSE:
Marital satisfaction is greater in middle-aged adults than older adults.

Answer 30

FALSE. Marital satisfaction is greater in older adults.

Question 31

Remarriage is increasing due to:

Answer 31

• Rising divorce rates
• Increased longevity
• Better health

Question 32

TRUE or FALSE:
With increasing age, attachment anxiety decreases.

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

___________ attachment is linked to more perceived negative caregiver burden in caring for patients with Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 33

Insecure attachment

Question 34

______ percent of older adults have living children, many of whom are middle-aged

Answer 34

Eighty percent

Question 35

________ ____________ are more likely to be involved in the lives of aging parents

Answer 35

Adult daughters

Question 36

TRUE or FALSE:
Family is more important than friendship in predicting mental health.

Answer 36

FALSE. Friendship is more important in predicting mental health.

Question 37

Individuals go through life embedded in a personal network of individuals to whom they give and from whom they receive social support

Answer 37

Convoy model of social relations

Question 38

TRUE or FALSE:
A high level of social integration is linked with coronary heart disease in older adults.

Answer 38

FALSE. A low level of social integration.

Question 39

Volunteering is associated with a number of positive outcomes:

Answer 39

• Constructive activities and productive roles
• Social integration
• Enhanced meaningfulness

Question 40

TRUE or FALSE:
Elderly ethnic minority individuals face both ageism and racism; they are more likely to become ill but less likely to receive treatment.

Answer 40

TRUE

Question 41

Factors that are important in living the good life as an older adult:

Answer 41

• Health
• Security
• Kinship/support

Question 42

Factors that are likely to predict high status for older adults:

Answer 42

• Valuable knowledge
• Control key family/community resources
• Engage in useful/valued functions as long as possible
• Role continuity throughout the life span
• Age-related role changes that give greater responsibility, authority, and advisory capacity
• Extended family
• Respect for older adults