ASU Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood Flashcards
as adults become older, their age identity is younger than their chronological age
changing midlife
middle adulthood
40-45 years of age to about 60-65 years of age
- declining physical skills and increasing responsibility
- awareness of the young-old polarity
- transmitting something meaningful to the next generation
- reaching and maintaining career satisfaction
- gains and losses and biological and sociocultural factors balance each other
middle adulthood
- death of a parent
- last child leaving the parental home
- becoming a grandparent
- preparation for and actual retirement
late midlife (ages 55 to 65)
age-related loss of muscle mass and strength
sarcopenia
a man in his mid-forties is most likely to notice:
joint stiffness
ability to focus and maintain an image on the retina; experiences sharp declines between 40-59 years
accommodation of the eye
which of the following is most typical of the vision-related issues faced by middle-aged individuals?
A. difficulty viewing objects in the background
B. difficulty viewing complicated patterns
C. difficulty viewing close objects
D. difficulty viewing moving objects
C. difficulty viewing close objects
questions such as “to which age group do you belong?” and “how old do you feel?” reflect the concept of:
age identity
hypertension, obesity, and insulin resistance
metabolic syndrome
lung tissue becomes ____________ at about age 55, ____________ the lung’s capacity
less elastic / decreasing
the most common change in sleep patterns of adults during middle-age
there is a decrease in the deepest type of sleep
other common changes in sleep patterns of adults during middle-age
- wakeful periods become more frequent in the 40s
- sleep-disordered breathing and restless legs syndrome
slow onset and a long duration; rare in early adulthood but increase in middle-age
chronic disorders
peaks in midlife then declines in late adulthood
control
midlife transition in which fertility declines
climacteric
transitional period from normal menstrual periods to no menstrual periods at all
perimenopause
- treatment for unpleasant side effects of menopause
- augments the declining levels of reproductive hormone production by the ovaries
- consists of various forms of estrogen
hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
sexual activity occurs _______ frequently than in early adulthood
less
accumulated information and verbal skills; continues to increase in middle adulthood
crystallized intelligence
ability to think and reason abstractly; may begin to decline in middle adulthood
fluid intelligence
involves extensive evaluation of intellectual abilities during adulthood
the Seattle Longitudinal Study
a common way to assess speed of information processing
reaction-time task
_______ memory declines during middle adulthood
verbal memory
- rely on accumulated experience
- process information automatically and analyze it more efficiently
- have better strategies and shortcuts to solving problems
- are more creative and flexible in solving problems
expertise
in the U.S., about __% of people aged ______ years old are employed
80% / 40-59
- globalization of work
- rapid development in information technologies
- downsizing organizations
- early retirement
- pensions and healthcare
career challenges
- self-motivated
- consequences of losing one’s job
career changes
experiencing something beyond oneself in a transcendent manner
spirituality
according to Frankl, the three most distinct human qualities are:
1) spirituality
2) freedom
3) responsibility
according to Roy Baumeister and Kathleen Vohs, the four main needs are:
1) need for purpose
2) need for values
3) need for a sense of efficacy
4) need for self-worth
