Articulations

Question 1

Synarthrosis

Answer 1

Immobile joints (Sutures found between bones of cranium)

Question 2

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 2

Joints that allow slight movement (intervertebral discs)

Question 3

Diarthrosis

Answer 3

Freely movable joints (elbow, knee, shoulder)

Question 4

Fibrous joints

Answer 4

Joints held together by dense fibrous CT

Question 5

Suture

Answer 5

Fibrous synarthosis ex: cranial sutures

Question 6

Syndesmosis

Answer 6

Ligament that connects bones ex:distal radio-ulnar joint

Question 7

Gomphosis

Answer 7

Ligament that holds teeth to dental alveoli

Question 8

Synostosis

Answer 8

Two bones fuse ex: epiphyseal lines, coxal bones(ilium, ischium and pubis), frontal bone (L/R)

Question 9

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 9

Joints held together by cartilage

Question 10

Synchondrosis

Answer 10

Cartilaginous synarthroses ex: sternocostal joints

Question 11

Symphysis

Answer 11

Amphiarthroses of fibrocartilage ex: pubis symphysis

Question 12

Synovial joint

Answer 12

Capsule of fibrous CT surrounding a fluid filled cavity ex:all diarthroses

Question 13

Flexion

Answer 13

Movement away from anatomical position through sagittal plane

Question 14

Extension

Answer 14

Opposite of flexion, return to anatomical position

Question 15

Dorsiflexion

Answer 15

Raises the toes superiorly

Question 16

Plantarflexion

Answer 16

Pushes toes inferiorly

Question 17

Abduction

Answer 17

Movement away from the longitudinal axis in frontal plane

Question 18

Adduction

Answer 18

Opposite of abduction, return to anatomical position

Question 19

Rotation

Answer 19

Turn around long axis of bone *Head is along midline so we can rotate left or right, limbs can rotate lateral away from midline or medial towards the midline

Question 20

Pronation

Answer 20

Medial rotation of forearm

Question 21

Supination

Answer 21

Opposite of pronation, return to anatomical position

Question 22

Elevation

Answer 22

Raise superior ex: close jaw

Question 23

Depression

Answer 23

Lower inferiorly, opposite of elevation ex:open jaw

Question 24

Pivot joint

Answer 24

Allows rotation only ex:atlantoaxial joint between c1 and c2, proximal radioulnar joint

Question 25

Hinge joint

Answer 25

allows angular motion of flexion and extension ex: elbow or knee

Question 26

Saddle joint

Answer 26

Surface concave on one axis, convex on other enables flexion and abduction ex:carpalmetacarpal joint between trapezium and first metacarpal

Question 27

Plane joint

Answer 27

Allows a small amount of sliding ex: intercarpal joint between scaphoid and trapezium

Question 28

Condyloid joint

Answer 28

Oval face in depression allows flexion and abduction ex: metacarpalphalangeal joints

Question 29

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer 29

Flexion, abduction, rotation and circumduction ex: shoulder and hip