Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ZZZ - General Zoology > Animal Diversity > Flashcards

Animal Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 features of the animal kingdom?

A
  1. Cells do not have cell walls
  2. Multicellular
  3. Capable of motion in some stage of their lives
  4. Heterotrophic
  5. Respond quickly to external stimuli
  6. Reproduce sexually
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why are animals able to respond quickly to external stimuli?

A

Because of the nerve cells, muscle or contractile tissue, or both.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is the phylogenetic tree of animals based on?

A

Morphological, fossil, and genetic evidence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the nine (9) phyla in the animal kingdom?

A

Phylum:
1. Porifera
2. Cnidaria
3. Platyhelminthes
4. Nematoda
5. Mollusca
6. Annelida
7. Arthropoda
8. Echinodermata
9. Chordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What characteristic separates Phylum Cnidaria from other phyla?

A

It has radial symmetry while other phyla have bilateral tissue symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the phylum that has an asymmetric body?

A

Phylum Porifera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the phylum that has a radially symmetric body?

A

Phylum Cnidaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the phyla that have bilateral tissue symmetric body?

A

Phylum:
1. Platyhelminthes
2. Nematoda
3. Mollusca
4. Annelida
5. Arthropoda
6. Echinodermata
7. Chordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What characteristic separates Phylum Platyhelminthes from other phyla?

A

Other phyla have a body cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the phyla that are protostomes?

A

Phylum:
1. Nematoda
2. Mollusca
3. Annelida
4. Arthropoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the phyla that are deuterostomes?

A

Phylum:
1. Echinodermata
2. Chordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What phylum is a pseudocoelomate?

A

Phylum Nematoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What phyla are protostome coelomates?

A

Phylum:
1. Mollusca
2. Annelida
3. Arthropoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What phyla are deuterostome coelomates?

A

Phylum:
1. Echinodermata
2. Chordata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the Phylum Porifera reproduce?

A

Through sexual and asexual reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Phylum Porifera have __ __ tissues

A

Have no true tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why does the Phylum Porifera have no true tissues?

A

it only has a conglomerate of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

An organism fixed in one place

A

Sessile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Six (6) main types of herbivores

A
  1. Frugivores
  2. Granivores
  3. Nectivores
  4. Folivores
  5. Xylophages
  6. Detritivores
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Herbivore that eats mostly fruits

A

Frugivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Herbivore that eats mostly seeds

A

Granivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Herbivore that eats mostly nectar

A

Nectivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Herbivore that eats mostly leaves

A

Folivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Herbivore that eats mostly wood

A

Xylophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Herbivore that eats mostly dead plant material

A

Detritivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A person who does not eat meat but does eat fish

A

Pescetarian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Three (3) types of carnivores

A
  1. Hypercarnivores
  2. Hypocarnivores
  3. Mesocarnivores
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Carnivores whose diet consists of at least 70% meat.

A

Hypercarnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Carnivores who consume meat for less than 30% of their diet.

A

Hypocarnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Carnivores who depend on meat for at least 50% of their diet.

A

Mesocarnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

An organism that has both kinds of reproductive organs and can produce both gametes

A

Hermaphrodite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

An organism that either has male or female parts, but not both

A

Dioecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

An organism that has both male and female parts

A

Monoecious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

An organism that changes its sex at some point in its life

A

Sequential hermaphrodite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the habitat of the Phylum Porifera?

A
  • Marine
  • Freshwater
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What are the three (3) types of canal system in Poriferans?

A
  1. Ascon
  2. Sycon
  3. Leucon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

the simplest type canal system found in Poriferans

A

Ascon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

this type of canal system is slightly complicated and advanced than the asconoid one

A

Sycon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

the complex type of canal system

A

Leucon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are the skeletal elements of the Phylum Porifera?

A
  • Calcium carbonate
  • Silicon
  • Spongin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

a large aperture in a sponge through which water is expelled

A

Osculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

the large central cavity of Poriferans

A

Spongocoel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Hundreds of tiny pores in Poriferans

A

Ostia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

the distinctive cells that line the interior body walls of Poriferans

A

Choanocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Phylum Porifera: The __

A

The Sponges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Bud that have a protective layer because of the harsh environment during its development

A

Gemmule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Phylum Cnidaria: The __

A

The Stingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Examples of animals in the Phylum Cnidaria

A
  • Jelly fish
  • Corals
  • Anemones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What are the cells that define the Phylum Cnidaria?

A

Cnidocytes (stinging cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Cnidocytes contain an explosive organelle called ___

A

cnidocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Cnidocytes are like __

A

harpoons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the habitat of the Phylum Cnidaria?

A
  • Marine
  • Freshwater
53
Q

Two (2) body types of the Phylum Cnidaria

A
  1. Medusa
  2. Polyp
54
Q

tubular shape and fastened at their base with the mouth facing the water at the other end of the tube

A

Polyp

55
Q

bell-shaped body with hanging tentacles

A

Medusa

56
Q

Organ where the mouth of medusa is located

A

Manubrium

57
Q

What digestive tract does the Phylum Cnidaria have?

A

Incomplete digestive tract

58
Q

Type of reproduction in the Phylum Cnidaria

A

Sexual and asexual

59
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes: The __

A

The Flatworms

60
Q

Examples of animals in the Phylum Platyhelminthes

A
  • flukes
  • planaria
  • tapeworms
61
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes have three primary germ layers which indicates that they are ___

A

triploblastic

62
Q

Refers to the body of Phylum Platyhelminthes, which is flat from the upper as well as the lower surfaces

A

flattened dorsoventrally

63
Q

What type of body cavity does the Phylum Platyhelminthes have?

A

Acoelomate

64
Q

What types of cephalization does the Phylum Platyhelminthes exhibit?

A

Anterior and Posterior

65
Q

What is the habitat of Phylum Platyhelminthes?

A
  • freshwater
  • marine
  • terrestrial
66
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes are both __ __ and ___

A
  • free-living
  • parasitic
67
Q

living freely and independently, not as a parasite or attached to a substrate.

A

free-living

68
Q

feed off of a host and some also live within the host.

A

parasitic

69
Q

What type of digestive tract does the Phylum Platyhelminthes have?

A

incomplete digestive tract

70
Q

What does an incomplete digestive tract look like?

A

mouth = anus

71
Q

What serves as the brain of Phylum Platyhelminthes?

A

ganglia

72
Q

A host in which the parasite reaches maturity and, if applicable, reproduces sexually.

A

Primary host

73
Q

A host that harbors the parasite only for a short transition period, during which (usually) some developmental stage is completed.

A

Secondary host

74
Q

Phylum Nematoda: The __

A

Roundworms

75
Q

What is the body of the Phylum Nematoda?

A

unsegmented

76
Q

Phylum Nematoda have three primary germ layers which indicates that they are ___

A

triploblastic

77
Q

The Phylum Nematoda is grossly __

A

polyphyletic

78
Q

What type of digestive tract does the Phylum Nematoda have?

A

Complete digestive tract

79
Q

What type of body cavity does the Phylum Nematoda have?

A

fluid-filled pseudocoelomate

80
Q

What does the longitudinal muscles of the Phylum Nematoda produce?

A

whipping motion

81
Q

Phylum Nematoda are __ which means they are found everywhere

A

Cosmopolitan

82
Q

What is the habitat of the Phylum Nematoda

A
  • terrestrial
  • aquatic
83
Q

Approximately how many species are there in the Phylum Nematoda?

A

~700,000 species

84
Q

Some examples of the Phylum Nematoda

A
  • ascaris
  • whipworm
  • hookworm
85
Q

It refers to the intestinal worms infecting humans that are transmitted through contaminated soil

A

Soil-transmitted helminths

86
Q
  • an infectious syndrome caused by multiple types of hookworms.
  • This is most commonly transmitted by animal feces depositing eggs in the soil, with larvae entering humans through direct contact with skin.
A

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM)

87
Q

A condition characterized by gross enlargement of an area of the body, especially the limbs, caused by infection with parasites classified as nematodes

A

Elephantiasis

88
Q

Phylum Mollusca: __-__

A

Soft-Bodied

89
Q

What type of body does the Phylum Mollusca have?

A

soft body

90
Q

Where can the shells of the Phylum Mollusca be found?

A

internal and external

91
Q

Where can the Phylum Mollusca be found?

A

mostly marine (snails are terrestrial)

92
Q

Examples of animals in the Phylum Mollusca

A
  • slugs
  • clams
  • squids
  • octopuses/ octopi
93
Q

(Phylum Mollusca) The dorsal body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself.

A

mantle

94
Q

Mollusks possess a __, which is similar to a tongue with teeth-like projections, serving to shred or scrape food.

A

radula

95
Q

the gill of a mollusc consisting typically of a respiratory structure that resembles a comb or feather

A

Ctenidium

96
Q

A rigid internal structure that supports the squid’s body and runs through the upper part of the mantle, between the paired tail fin

A

Gladius or pen

97
Q

Phylum Annelida: __ __

A

Segmented Worm

98
Q

What type of body cavity does the Phylum Annelida have?

A

Coelomate

99
Q

What systems does the Phylum Annelida have?

A

specialized systems

100
Q

What type of segmentation does the Phylum Annelida have?

A

Metamerism: true segmentation

101
Q

What type of digestive tract does the Phylum Annelida have?

A

Complete digestive tract

102
Q

Phylum Annelida are __ which means they are found everywhere

A

Cosmopolitan

103
Q

Examples of animals in the Phylum Annelida

A
  • earthworm
  • tubeworm
  • leech
104
Q

a thickened glandular section of the body wall of some annelids that secretes a viscid sac in which the eggs are deposited.

A

Clitellum

105
Q

Phylum Arthropoda: The __

A

The Jointed

106
Q

Characteristic of the appendages of the Phylum Arthropoda

A

Jointed appendages

107
Q

What type of body does the Phylum Arthropoda have?

A

Segmented Body

108
Q

What is the skeleton of the Phylum Arthropoda?

A

Exoskeleton

109
Q

The Phylum Arthropoda have chewing mouthparts or __

A

Mandibles

110
Q

The Phylum Arthropoda undergo __ (egg-larva-adult)

A

Metamorphosis

111
Q

Examples of animals in the Phylum Arthropoda

A
  • spiders
  • crustaceans
  • centipedes
112
Q

Shedding of exoskeleton of the previous life stage

A

Molting

113
Q

Phylum Echinodermata: The __

A

The Spiny

114
Q

What is the body symmetry of adult Echinoderms?

A

Radial symmetry

115
Q

Hydraulic system used by echinoderms for locomotion, food and waste transportation, and respiration.

A

water vascular system

116
Q

What is the internal skeleton of echinoderms made out of?

A

calcium carbonate

117
Q

Echinoderms are capable of ___

A

regeneration

118
Q

Examples of animals in the Phylum Echinodermata

A
  • sea stars
  • brittle stars
  • sea cucumbers
119
Q

a method of autotomy involving the ejection of internal organs used by animals as a defensive strategy

A

Evisceration

120
Q

Largest phylum in the animal kingdom

A

Phylum Arthropoda

121
Q

What are the four (4) characteristics that set chordates apart from all other phyla?

A
  • notochord
  • pharyngeal gill slits
  • postanal tail
  • hollow dorsal nerve cord
122
Q
  • a cartilaginous skeletal rod supporting the body in all embryonic and some adult chordate animals.
  • rod-like embryological structure, which plays a vital role in the development of the vertebrate
A

Notochord

123
Q

openings between the pharynx, or throat, and the outside, which are sued to filter food particles from the water

A

Pharyngeal gill slits

124
Q

tail extends beyond the anus

A

Postanal tail

125
Q

develops into the central nervous system: the brain and the spine

A

Hollow dorsal nerve cord

126
Q

a triangular arrangement of bone that makes up the very bottom portion of the spine below the sacrum

A

coccyx (or tailbone in common term)

127
Q

dorsal: __ ; __:front

A

dorsal:back ; ventral:front

128
Q

Examples of chordates

A
  • tunicates
  • sea squirts
  • lancelets
  • vertebrates
129
Q

Difference between amphibians and reptiles

A

Amphibians can’t live without water (reproduction), while reptiles can live in terrestrial habitats

ZZZ - General Zoology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions