Quiz 1 - 3 Flashcards
Correct chronology of vertebrate kidney
- Archinephros
- Pronephros
- Mesonephros
- Metanephros
The removal of metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide, water, salts and urea
excretion
Which statement is true?
a. filtration of the blood occurs in the nephric tubules
b. more metabolic wastes are removed from the blood by secretion than by filtration
c. most of the filtered materials are secreted back into the blood
d. the volume of urine can still be adjusted in the bladder
b. more metabolic wastes are removed from the blood by secretion than by filtration
osmoconformers tightly regulate a constant body osmolarity
True or False
False
Malpighian tubules are unique excretory structure of
- insects
negative feedback loops
a. purposeful pushes above set values
b. are rare
c. counteract a change to bring it back to normal set values
d. help with childbirth
c. counteract a change to bring it back to normal set values
antennal glands are basic nephridial organ of
crustaceans
how are the lungs associated with the excretory system
a. they help the flow of blood
b. they take in oxygen
c. help you urinate faster
d. they remove a small fraction of carbon dioxide as gaseous waste
d. they remove a small fraction of carbon dioxide as gaseous waste
Place the following events in sequence:
a. urine passes through the ureters
b. urea enters the kidneys
c. urine enters the urethra
a. B, A, C
b. B, C, A
c. C, B, A
d. A, C, B
a. B, A, C
Homeostasis
a. allows for a constantly fluctuating internal environment
b. maintains a relatively stable internal environment by feedback regulation
c. maintains a relatively stable external environment by feedback regulation
d. keeps the conditions of both internal and external environments similar
b. maintains a relatively stable internal environment by feedback regulation
Positive feedback loops
a. counteract changes that move above or below set values
b. regulate body temperature
c. more common
d. purposeful pushes above normal set values
d. purposeful pushes above normal set values
During which process is 99% of the water return to the blood vessels
reabsorption
the three stages of urine production
- filtration
- reabsorption
- secretion
both endothermic and ectothermic animals produce heat from cellular metabolism
true or false
true
where urine is stored temporarily
urinary bladder
osmoregulation in unicellular organisms involve a subcellular structure called
contractile vacuole
if the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to
increase body temperature
which of the following mainly excretes nitrogenous waste, water and salts
a. skin
b. kidney
c. lungs
d. gall bladder
b. kidney
the kidneys are responsible for
filtering blood
the development of unfertilized egg into a new individual is known as
parthenogenesis
the process by which spherical spermatids assume its mature form
spermiogenesis
amplexus is characteristic of reproduction in
frogs
an organism reproducing by growing a miniature version of itself on its body is known as
budding
the offspring develops within the body of the mother and gets its nourishment from the placenta
viviparity
which is not true about asexual reproduction
a. genetic variety is increased
b. there is only one parent
c. budding and binary fission are examples
d. may be an advantage in stable environments
a. genetic variety is increased
the organ where sperm matures
epididymis
which is not an asexual reproductive method
a. parthenogenesis
b. broadcast spawning
c. fission
d. budding
b. broadcast spawning
a type of asexual reproduction where a body part breaks off and regenerates
fragmentation
what sex cell does a male have
sperm
which of the following is true regarding the benefits of sexual and asexual reproduction
a. sexual reproduction leads to greater genetic diversity
b. sexually reproducing animals evolve more slowly
c. asexual reproduction works best for animals that move around
d. all of the above are true
a. sexual reproduction leads to greater genetic diversity
having both male and female sex organs in a single individual is known as being
hermaphroditic
genetically identical offspring of asexual reproduction are known as
clones
which of these hormones are not essential in maintaining pregnancy
a. pituitary gonadotropins
b. progesterone
c. estrogen
d. human chorionic gonadotropin
a. pituitary gonadotropins
which is not a significant factor that affects the success rate of animal reproduction
a. predation
b. environment
c. human interaction
d. species attraction
d. species attraction
the ovarian cycle refers to the changes in the uterus usually on a monthly basis
true or false
false
a structure in the spermatozoon that contains hydrolytic enzymes used to penetrate the egg cell membranes
acrosome
an animal starts its life stages as a female first and then shifts to being male in later stage
hermaphroditic
the birth canal is also known as the female’s
vagina
an asexual method of reproduction used by single-celled organisms
binary fission
a body system that controls and coordinates all body activities through electrical impulses/messages between brain, spinal cord and nerves
nervous system
physical injuries, like a major car accident, can be very dangerous to nervous system health. how?
damaged nerves cannot send or receive signals
which type of neuron causes a muscle to contract in a reflex arc
motor neuron
carry messages away from the CNS and out to the muscles or glands
motor
two neurons connect at a place called
synapse
a reflex signal must travel to the brain before a response to the stimulus can occur
true or false
false
body system that controls growth and homeostasis by secreting hormones from glands
endocrine system
what is the insulating membrane that surrounds parts of the axon that helps protect & propagate action potential
myelin sheath
signal molecule that transmits nerve impulses across synapses
neurotransmitter
reflex action are important because
a. they provide a quick involuntary response
b. they prevent injury
c. they are essential to the survival of organisms
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
salivary glands are an example of
an effector
negative feedback loops
prevent small changes from getting larger
organ of the endocrine system that secretes hormones
glands
example of a reflex action
touching a hot stove
when glucagon is released, which of the following occurs
a. glucose undergoes condensation reactions
b. glycogen undergoes hydrolysis
b. glycogen undergoes hydrolysis
after seeing a moth, a frog uses its tongue to catch it. this is an example of
responding to a stimulus
only 2 parts of the body included in the CNA
brain and spinal cord
chemical made by glands that tell cells to make something or respond in some way
hormone
what is a reflex
automatic movement in response to a stimulus
group of organisms that use the process of homeostasis
all living things
how are hormones transported through the body
through the bloodstream
which hormone decreases blood glucose concentration
insulin
which is not a function of the nervous system
secreting hormones
a polysaccharide that stores glucose in animals is called
glycogen
