Alexander II opposition Flashcards
what did the Polish resent ?
conscription + Russian influence
when did uprising begin + how long
jan 1863 until 1865
how was emancipation a cause of the polish revolt
renewed hope of freedom
trigger for polish revolt
1862 summer forced conscription
what was milyutins plan as war minister
purge Polish gentry to convert to national state
what did Milyutin do
-russia official language - russification
-Catholic Church no communication w/ Vatican
-polish nobility exiled to siberia
what was the Polish Revolt countered w/
repression - Karakazov (pole) student Uni Kazan assassination attempt
who is Nikolai Chernyshevsky ?
editor journal + author ‘What is to be done’ 1863 ( influence bolshevik rev 1917) - peasants had to be revolutionary leaders
who was Alexander Herzen
editor ‘The Bell’ - advocate new peasant based social structure on Mir - intelligentsia
who was Mikhail Bukunin ?
anarchist + socialists - collectivisation of land
-1869 translate Karl Marx communist manifesto
what did Karl Marx say?
-communism abolition of private property
what does narodnik mean?
go to the ppl
what did Peter Lavrov call for in 1874
encourage 2,000 students to ‘go to the ppl’ in the country dressed as peasants
–> failed as peasants loyal to Tsar
consequence of 1874 narodnik
1,600 arrested
main effect of narodnysm
-move radical meeting to countryside - more widespread
when was a second failed narodnik attempt
1876
what caused land and liberty to arise from narodniks (populists)
peasant indifference + subsequent gov persecution
when was land + lib set up
1877
what did land + lib do?
-use zemstva to place pressure on tsar for constitutional reform
-had public sympathy
-committed to carry out assassination
evidence of assassination by land + lib
1878 gen Mezemstev - head of third section (secret police) + 7 attempts on Tsar
when did land + lib split
1879 to black partition + ppl will
who organised Black Partition
Plekhanov
what did Black Partition do?
-partition black soil provinces under peasants - NOT SUCCESSFUL
who led ppl’s will
Mikhailov
evidence of Ppl’s will success
advocate assassination tsar - march 1881 success ( 7th attempt he survive but 8th attempt someone blows themselves up next to him which kills him)
what group led polish revolt
intelligentsia
how many men in polish revolt
10,000 men + 90,000 RUSSIAN soldier - 2yr guerrilla struggle
