A2:Cognitive Approach

Question 1

What is cognitive dissonance?

Answer 1

when we hold two contradictory beliefs, it creates discomfort, prompting us to change one of them to resolve the dissonance.

Question 2

Example of cognitive dissonance

Answer 2

A smoker may think “l love smoking” and knowing smoking causes cancer they may resolve this by either quitting or justifying their actions

Question 3

What does consonance mean?

Answer 3

A state of Agreement and harmony between thoughts beliefs and actions

Question 4

an example of a consonance strategy to reduce Cognitive Dissonance related to smoking

Answer 4

My aunt smoked for 63 years and never got cancer,” which attempts to contradict the negative view of smoking.

Question 5

What is the Cognitive Approach to health?

Answer 5

It looks at how thought processes lead to decisions, like engaging in unhealthy behavior for relief from stress, anxiety, or boredom

Question 6

Name three factors that may lead to unhealthy behaviors according to the Cognitive Approach.

Answer 6

1.Stress/Anxiety: Leading to drinking alcohol for relaxation.
2. Boredom: Leading to compulsive shopping for excitement.
3. Relief from Pain: Leading to drug or alcohol use to dull chronic pain.

Question 7

What is cognitive biases

Answer 7

cognitive bias is a systematic error in thinking that occurs when people are processing and interpreting information in the world around them and affects the decisions and judgments that they make.

Here’s how it breaks down into simpler words:

•	Systematic error in thinking → A mistake in how we think.
•	Processing and interpreting information → How our brains handle and understand information.
•	Affects decisions and judgments → Leads us to make wrong choices or judgments.