A&P 3.5 blood pressure & vascular disorders

Question 1

carpals

8 bones

Answer 1

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

some lovers try positions that they can’t handle

Question 2

Phalanges named

Answer 2

Proximal, middle, distal

Each bone has a
Base
Shaft
Head

Question 3

Extensor digitorum

O,I, A

Answer 3

Origin: LATERAL epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: proximal, middle (intermediate) and distal phalanges of four fingers (NOT THE THUMB)

Action: extension of the fingers at the interphalangeal joints and the metacarpalophalangeal joints

Question 4

Gracillis

A, I, O

Answer 4

Origin: inferior RAMUS of the pubis

Insertion: anterior proximal, medial tibia ( pes anserinus)

Action: adduction of the lower extremity, flexion of the knee

Question 5

Pectinious is

Answer 5

Most anterior and most superior of the adductors

Question 6

Magnus is

GRACILIS is

Answer 6

Magnus is deepest

GRACILIS is most medial

Question 7

Functions of blood vessels

Answer 7

Transportation of essential materials to/from cells which happens at the capillary level (microcirculation)
Entire mechanism of circulation is to keep capillaries supplied with blood for the cells

Question 8

Function of arteries

Answer 8

Distribute blood to arterioles which provide resistance and with smooth muscle cause vasodilation and vasoconstriction which assists blood flow

Question 9

Function of veins

Answer 9

Collectors and reservoirs that not only return blood to the heart, but can hold varying amounts of blood without change in blood pressure because of their ability to stretch, called capacitance. Veins often called capacitance vessels

Question 10

Capacitance

Answer 10

Veins ability to hold varying amounts of blood without change in blood pressure due their ability to stretch

Question 11

Arteries of the head and neck

Answer 11

Left and right carotid

Question 12

Arteries of the extremities and trunks

Answer 12

Upper: left and right subclavian arteries

Trunk: thoracic and abdominal aorta

Lower: left and right iliac arteries (from abdominal aorta)

Question 13

General principles about veins

Answer 13

They increase in size going back to the heart
Presence or absence of veins is variable and they often have similar names and locations as arteries
Superior vena cava collects blood from the upper extremities/head with EXCEPTION OF THE LUNGS

Question 14

Systemic veins

Answer 14

Veins of the head and neck: left and right jugular veins
Veins if upper extremity: left and right subclavian veins
Veins of the thorax: superior vena cava
Veins of the lower extremity: left and right sapphenous veins

Question 15

Hepatic portal circulation

Answer 15

Blood goes specifically to an area before return to the heart, blood collected from the GI to liver for filtration of nutrients. Then from liver to inferior vena cava to the heart.

Question 16

Blood pressure measured with a

Answer 16

Sphygmomanometer
Measures the amount of air pressure equal to the BP in an artery in terms of mm Of mercury
Sounds are call KOROTKOFF sounds

Question 17

Arterial BP

Parts and normal reading

Answer 17

Systole/diastole - normal 120/80

Question 18

Systolic BP

Answer 18

The force of blood pushing against arterial walls during ventricular contraction

Question 19

Diastolic BP

Answer 19

The force of blood when ventricles are relaxed

Question 20

Blood pressure

Answer 20

The difference between systolic and diastolic BP

It is increased in arteriosclerosis and aortic valve insufficiency

Question 21

Arterial and Veinus bleeding

Answer 21

Blood exerts a much higher pressure in arteries then veins.
Arteries - gush
Veins - seep

Question 22

Vascular disorders

Answer 22

Aneurysm 
Atherosclerosis
Hypertension
Raynaud's syndrome 
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Shock

Question 23

Aneurysm

Answer 23

Section of artery or vein that is abnormally widened because of a weakening of the wall

Contraindicated

Question 24

Atherosclerosis

Answer 24

Inelastic brittle arteries due to plaques of lipids that calcify.

Many risk factors

MASSAGE WITH CAUTION - NONE ON ADVANCED

Question 25

Hypertension

Answer 25

High blood pressure

WITH CAUTION - DOCTOR NOTE

Question 26

Raynaud’s syndrome

Answer 26

Episodes of vasospasm of arterioles usually in fingers and toes
Attacks can last for minutes or hours
IS INDICATED

Question 27

Cerebrovascular accident

Answer 27

Brain aneurysm/stroke
From ischemia of brain tissue caused by embolism

CONTRAINDICATED

Question 28

Shock

Answer 28

Failure of the circulatory system to deliver oxygen to tissues

COUNTERINDICATED