A&P 3.1 fluid network & cardiovascular system Flashcards
Rectus abdominus
A, I, O
Superior attachment: xipoid process of sternum, costal cartilage ribs 5-7
Inferior attachments: pubic crest, pubic symphysis
Action: flexion of trunk (spine), posterior tilt of pelvis
Adductor longus
A, I, O
Proximal attachment: body of pubis, just below crest
Distal attachment: linea aspera of femur
Action: adduction of hip, assists flexion of hip
Pubis landmarks
Inferior and superior rami
Crest of pubis
Body of pubis
Rectus sheath
Made of aponeurosis of the other abdominal muscles
Three communication networks
Fascial - mechanical information
Neural - coded electrical information
Fluid - chemical information passed by means of all fluids
Lymphatic system
General
Provides an open pathway for the return of fluids and proteins from interstitial spaces and fats absorbed by from the intestine to general circulation
Also involved in immunity and resistance to disease and removal and destruction of dead RBC’S
Plasma
The fluid portion of the blood
Interstitial or extracellular fluid
Located in microscopic spaces between cells
Intracellular or cytosol fluid
Watery fluid inside cells
Blood
Parts
BREAK DOWN CARD
Liquid Connective tissue that consists of fluid and cells
Red blood cells - RBC - erythrocytes
White blood cells - WBC - leukocytes
Platelets - thrombocytes
Fluid - plasma
WBC produced by
Stem cells - many types
Bone marrow produces all three types
Functions of blood
Transportation
Homeostasis
Protection
Transportation
Vital pickup and delivery service for the body
Homeostasis
Regulatory functions keystone of the body’s heat regulating mechanism
Protection
Blood clots which protects against excessive blood loss.
WBC’s protect against disease by carrying on phagocytosis along with several anti-bodies
Functions of blood
Interacts with all cells and all of our systems
Main transport fluid - nutrient/waste exchange
Chemical messengers travel in blood to get to target cells
Picks up hormones and drop off at target
Picks up oxygen - drops off carbon dioxide
Picks up nutrients from digestive system
Picks up dietary fats from lymphatic system
Drops off liquid waste to kidneys, nutrients and oxygen to cells
Lymphatic system
Structures
Lymph nodes
Lymph vessels
Lymph fluid
Other lymphatic structures
Lymphatic system
Maintains fluid balance in the internal environment of the body and protects the body through the process of immunity
Lymphatic vessels act as “drains” to collect excess tissue fluid and return it to the venous blood just before it reaches the heart
Lymph
Described
Clear watery-appearing fluid found in lymphatic vessels
Fluid flow
Sequence of fluid flow:
Plasma in capillaries to Interstitial spaces as interstitial fluid to Lymphatic capillaries as lymph to Lymphatic vessels as lymph to Lymphatic ducts as lymph to Subclavian vein as plasma
Cardiovascular system
Parts
3 parts
Heart - muscular pumping device
Blood
Vessels - arteries, veins, and capillaries
Cardiovascular system function
To maintain homeostasis, which depends on the continuous and controlled movement of blood through the thousands of miles of capillaries that permeate every tissue and reach every cell in the body
