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A&P 3 > A&P 3.4 Blood Vessels > Flashcards

A&P 3.4 Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Pectineus

A, I, O

A

ORIGION : crest and superior RAMUS of the pubis

Insertion: pectineal line of femur - between lesser trochanter and linea aspera

Action: adducts and assists in flexion of the femur

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1
Q

CM Joint And MP joint look at

A

.

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2
Q

Thenar muscles

A

3 muscles around ball of thumb

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponents pollicis

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3
Q

Thenar eminence

A

Palm projection below thumb

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4
Q

Thenar muscles

O, I, A

A

Origin: scaphoid, trapezium and flexor retinaculum

Insert: flexor/abductor : lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Opponens: lateral side of the 1st metacarpal

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5
Q

Thenar muscles

Action

A

Abductor pollicis brevis: abducts joint at MP joint

Flexor pollicis brevis: flexes thumb at MP joint

Opponens pollicis: opposition of thumb at CM joint

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6
Q

5 main types of blood vessels

A 
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries 
Venules
Veins
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7
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from heart

Elastic arteries- more elastic fibers, help propel blood onward while ventricles relax
Muscular arteries- adjust rate of blood flow

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8
Q

Arterioles

A

Smallest arteries - provide resistance

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9
Q

Capillaries

A

Tiny blood vessels connect arterioles to venues-thin walls that allow exchange of nutrients and wastes

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10
Q

Venules

A

Little veins

Collect blood from capillaries and drains into veins

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11
Q

Veins

A

Carry blood back to heart from tissues

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12
Q

Vessel layers

3

A 
Tunica intima (interna) 
Tunica media
Tunica adventia (externa)
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13
Q

Tunica intima

A

Innermost layer closest lumen
In arteries endothelium provides smooth lining
IN VEINS ENDOTHELIUM ALSO FORMS SEMILUNAR VALVES (one way blood flow)

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14
Q

Tunica media

A

Middle layer
Thickest
Smooth muscle tissue sandwiched with a layer of elastic connective tissue

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15
Q

Tunica adventia

A

Outer layer

Strong, flexible fibrous connective tissues

16
Q

Arterioles and venules have

A

3 modified layers

17
Q

Capillaries have

A

One thin coat of endothelium

18
Q

Special vessels

A

Vasa vasorum
Varicose veins
Anastomosis

19
Q

Vasa vasorum

A

Vessels of vessels
Found in large arteries and veins such as aorta and its branches
Provide blood supply and nutrient for tunica adventitia and outer parts of tunica media of large vessels

20
Q

Varicose veins

A

Leaking valves back flow of blood

Dilated and twisted

21
Q

Anastomosis

A

Union of two or more vessels

Provide alternative routes for blood to reach a tissue or organ in case of damage called collateral circulation

22
Q

Primary exchange vessels are

A

Capillaries

Blood flows at slowest rate in the capillaries

23
Q

Venus return

3

A

Heart - pressure from contractions of left ventricle
Skeletal muscle pump- contraction of leg muscles “milking” the blood upward by compression
Respiratory pump- compression of abdominal veins during breathing

24
Q

Capillary exchange

3 types

A

Diffusion
Pinocytosis
Bulk flow

25
Q

Diffusion

A

Water - osmosis

Many substances, oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose

26
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Large lipid

Insoluble molecules

27
Q

Bulk flow

A

Large amounts of a fluid moving together

Regulation of blood and interstitial fluid via the kidneys

28
Q

Major blood vessels

Arteries

A

Ascending aorta - two coronary artery branches
Arch of the aorta - 3 branches -brachiocephalic trunk ( right subclavian and right carotid), left carotid, left subclavian
Descending aorta - thoracic and abdominal aorta
Arteries of the head and neck - carotid artery
Arteries of the extremities and trunk - subclavian artery upper extremity, iliac artery lower extremity

29
Q

Major blood vessels

Veins

A

Veins of head and neck- jugular vein
Veins of upper extremities - subclavian vein
Veins of the thorax - iliac vein
Veins of the abdomen - anterior vena cava or abdominal vena cava

30
Q

Hepatic portal circulation

A

Veins of the lower extremity
Sapphenous vein - longest vein in the body
Often used for surgical proceedures

A&P 3 (18 decks)

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