9- Truck Company S&T- Access into Structures

Question 1

Scientifically controlled fire tests conducted by the NFPA indicate that the time available for escape (TAE) from a burning building can be as little as __ minutes after ignition due to heat buildup in a confined space such as a bedroom. In the same tests, the TAE was even LESS when lethal smoke concentrations were considered.

Answer 1

11

Question 2

The best way to force entry into any burning building is to know in advance:

Answer 2

What tools and techniques will be needed and to bring those tools to the building initially.

Question 3

While all of the standard forcible entry tools are important, one of the most important and most versatile forcible entry tools is the ____ ____.

Answer 3

Rotary Saw

*sometimes referred to as a “rescue saw”

Question 4

The exterior door size-up process includes a quick 5-point size-up that will indicate the tools and techniques needed to force entry through any particular door. The 5 points are:

Answer 4

-Type of door
-Type of frame around the door
-Type of wall into which it is set
-Type of hinges/locks
-Door movement

Question 5

During the 5-step exterior door size-up process, firefighters identify:

Answer 5

The weakest part of the door assembly and exploit the weakness.

Question 6

In smaller buildings and occupancies that have relatively low occupant loads, the exterior doors open ____ and the hinges are on the _____.

Answer 6

Inward ; Inside

Question 7

In occupancies with higher occupant loads, the exterior doors must swing _____ and in most cases, the hinges are on the _____.

Answer 7

Outward ; Outside

*the exterior doors in some commercial buildings are double-acting doors; they swing both inward and outward on pivot pins top and bottom

Question 8

When forcing an inward-swinging metal door set in a metal frame, a rotary saw equipped with a metal-cutting blade can be plunged through the ____ or doorstop to cut the deadbolt. Or it can be used to make two intersecting 45 degree cuts around the locking mechanism so that the door is free to open.

Answer 8

Rabbet

Question 9

It is SOP in some departments to force open ALL doors into a structure (sometimes called ________) when there is significant fire inside.

*only done when consistent with the IAP and if it will not change the ventilation profile

Answer 9

Softening the Building

Question 10

One of the most common types of industrial/institutional service doors that firefighters may have to force open. They are constructed of dozens of interlocking horizontal steel slats that move up and down in tracks at both sides of the door opening. The ends of the slats have NO WHEELS OR ROLLERS, but the ends of every other slat have small metal guides that slide up and down in the track.

Answer 10

Steel Roll-Up Doors

Question 11

A common industrial/institutional service door consisting of a number of horizontal panels connected by hinges. They are merely larger versions of some residential garage doors. Usually have small steel wheels attached to the ends of each panel/section that move in steel tracks at each side of the doorway opening.

Answer 11

Sectional Doors

Question 12

Another type of industrial/institutional service door that looks exactly like a conventional steel roll-up door. Made up of a few interlocking flexible panels of relatively light-gauge metal. Each panel is embossed to give the appearance of a conventional roll-up door.

Answer 12

Sheet-Curtain Door

Question 13

Another type of industrial/institutional service door that consists of a number of interlocking, inverted U-shaped metal sections. When the door is open, the sections are nested together at the top of the doorway opening.

Answer 13

Telescoping Doors

*The door sections telescope into position when the door is closed.

Question 14

In many cases, the quickest and most efficient way to gain access through any type of industrial/institutional service door is by:

Answer 14

Forcing the pedestrian door beside it and using the mechanism inside to open the service door.

Question 15

One of the most common methods of cutting through a roll-up or sheet-curtain door is to make a large ______ ___ in the center of the door.

Answer 15

Triangular Cut (aka Tepee Cut)

Question 16

In triangular cuts, the base of the triangle is the bottom of the door, and the sides are formed by two 45-degree cuts. The apex of the triangle should be at least __ feet high in the middle of the door, but the higher the better.

Answer 16

6

Question 17

Triangular cuts are not recommended for ___ doors.

Answer 17

Telescoping

Question 18

The size-up for windows is similar to that of doors. Key factors in the size-up of windows for forcible entry include the following:

(five answers)

Answer 18

-Type of window
-Type of glass
-Type of frame or casement
-Type of locking or latching mechanism
-Type of security devices in use

Question 19

If it is necessary to break a window, the firefighter breaking the glass should be _____ of the window and in full PPE- including hand and eye protection.

Answer 19

Upwind

Question 20

If using an axe to break a window, the firefighter should strike the window with the ___ side of the blade.

Answer 20

Flat

Question 21

When working aboveground, windows should be broken ____ whenever possible to avoid the flying guillotine hazard that may cut hoselines and injure anyone working below.

Answer 21

Inward

Question 22

Some of the most common types of window security systems are rigid ____ ____ attached to the outside of the building. May consist of heavy-gauge wire screen or bars made of wrought iron or steel. They are normally blind-bolted to the wall of the building or the window frame.

Answer 22

Metal Grilles

Question 23

_____ is a polycarbonate plastic used for windows. It has one-half the weight of an equivalent-sized piece of glass, yet is 30x stronger than safety glass and 250x stronger than ordinary glass. It CANNOT be broken using standard forcible entry techniques.

Answer 23

Lexan

Question 24

Plexiglas, Lexan, and other thermoplastic windows may have to be opened to gain access into a burning building. A rotary saw with a medium (40 tooth) _____-_____ blade is most effective when entry must be made through all types of plastic windows.

Answer 24

Carbide-tipped

Question 25

A rotary saw is the ONLY fire service tool that will cut ____ polycarbonate.

Answer 25

Lexan

Question 26

Shattering a _____ window is done by scoring a large X on the pane and then striking the intersection of the X with the point of a pick-head axe. Another method is to strike the pane in the center with a sledgehammer.

Answer 26

Plexiglas

Question 27

Some security windows are glazed with _____ ____ similar to that in automobile windshields. Firefighters can simply cut out the panes of glass with an axe, hatchet, or glass saw used in vehicle extrication.

Answer 27

Laminated Glass

Question 28

The same tools used to cut laminated glass can be used to cut ____ glass.

Answer 28

Wired

Question 29

The windows of many buildings, especially those in the ____ and _____ walls, have a reflective film applied to the inside of the glass to reduce glare from the sun. When broken, these windows will sometimes behave in a manner similar to laminated windows.

Answer 29

South and West

(film-coated glass)

Question 30

The tools most commonly used to breach ____ ____ are the rotary saw, circular saw, battering ram, sledgehammer, concrete breaker (jackhammer), and the air chisel.

Answer 30

Exterior Walls

Question 31

One of the fastest ways to make a usable opening in an exterior wall is to:

Answer 31

Make two vertical cuts down from the bottom corners of a window opening to the floor.

Question 32

Breaching exterior walls of wood-frame structures can be done relatively quickly. But because of the possibility of plumbing or electrical wiring inside the walls, the building’s utilities:

Answer 32

Should be secured BEFORE cutting begins.

Question 33

The fastest way to breach unreinforced masonry (URM) walls is with an electric or pneumatic _____.

Answer 33

Concrete Breaker (jackhammer)

Question 34

Sometimes called “blowout panels,” ____ ____ are large sections of concrete walls that are designed to be removable so that large vehicles or machinery can be brought into or removed from the building.

Answer 34

Knockout Panels

Question 35

Lightweight metal walls are common on a wide variety of building types. In many cases, the metal panels are thin enough that they can be cut with an axe. BUT, the tool of choice is often the ____ ___ because it is almost always readily available and it is very effective.

Answer 35

Rotary Saw