11- Truck Company S&T- Ventilation Size-Up

Question 1

_____ _____ is a methodical, thought-out approach to changing the ventilation profile of a structure.

Answer 1

Tactical Ventilation

Question 2

Why is tactical ventilation performed?

*3 answers

Answer 2

-To improve conditions inside the structure
-To limit or prevent the spread of fire
-To create a more tenable environment for firefighters and victims

Question 3

Effective tactical ventilation of a structure can draw heat, smoke, and toxic fire gases away from both trapped occupants and firefighters. It also decreases the changes of a ____, _____, or ______.

Answer 3

Rollover, flashover, or backdraft

Question 4

_____ ______ involves the use of fans, blowers, nozzles, and other mechanical devices to create or redirect the flow of air within an involved compartment or building.

Answer 4

Mechanical Ventilation

aka “forced ventilation”

Question 5

To be both safe and effective, ventilation operations must be coordinated with:

Answer 5

Fire attack

Question 6

For ventilation size-up to be performed safely and effectively, it is critically important that firefighters be able to recognize the _____ __ _____ _____ inside the building.

Answer 6

Stage of fire development

Question 7

The variables in smoke behavior that firefighters should look for when sizing up a working structure fire are:

*3 answers

Answer 7

-Smoke Volume
-Smoke Color and Density
-Air Flow (pressure)

Question 8

Whitish-gray smoke generally indicates that:

Answer 8

Cellulose-based materials (wood, paper, etc) are burning in an atmosphere with abundant oxygen.

Question 9

Dense black smoke is generally produced by:

Answer 9

Hydrocarbons such as petroleum and petroleum-based materials.

*HOWEVER, dense black smoke can also be the result of virtually any material burning in an atmosphere where the oxygen supply is limited (such as backdraft conditions)

Question 10

Smoke containing high concentrations of particulates is both very ___ (thick) and ____ (not transparent). Therefore, it is virtually impossible to see through.

Answer 10

Dense (thick) and Opaque (not transparent)

Question 11

Physical density describes how _____ the smoke is. Smoke that is _____ will rise quickly and smoke that is not will hang close to the floor.

Answer 11

Buoyant

Question 12

Buoyancy is related to the temperature of the smoke- the ______ the temperature, the more buoyant the smoke.

Answer 12

Higher

Question 13

Among the most positive building construction features are ___-____ ____ doors. They are activated by fusible links and/or fire/smoke detector systems and limit the spread of fire by employing the principle of compartmentalization.

Answer 13

Self-closing Fire Doors

Question 14

From a ventilation standpoint, one of the most helpful features a building can have is automatic ____ ____. Some open when a fusible link separates, some are opened automatically by smoke detectors, and some are designed with plastic panels that soften from the heat of a fire and fall out.

Answer 14

Smoke Vents

Question 15

In buildings not protected by automatic sprinkler, ____ ____ act as chimneys to channel convected heat, smoke, and fire upwards to the roof.

Answer 15

Elevator Shafts

Question 16

When the IC has decided that ventilation is needed, coordinating the ventilation operation with rescue and fire attack generally involves THREE components:

Answer 16

Timing, Location, and Method

Question 17

In general, the ventilation opening should be made:

Answer 17

As close to the seat of the fire as safely possible.

Question 18

The most important weather-related influences on tactical ventilation are ____ and _____.

Answer 18

Wind and Temperature