8- Building Construction- Masonry and Ordinary Construction

Question 1

The primary benefit of masonry components is their ______ and inherent ______ to weather, fire, and insects.

Answer 1

Durability ; Resistance

Question 2

Drawbacks of masonry construction include:

(two answers)

Answer 2

-Long term deterioration of mortar joints
-The labor intensiveness of laying individual units by hand

Question 3

____ _____ ____ are the most common concrete masonry units (CMUs).

Answer 3

Hollow Concrete Blocks

Question 4

Hollow concrete blocks are produced in a number of sizes and shapes; the MOST COMMON is the nominal _ x _ x __ inch block.

Answer 4

8x8x16” block

Question 5

The primary function of mortar is to:

Answer 5

Bond individual masonry units into a solid mass.

Question 6

The ____ _____ are often the weakest part of a masonry wall.

Answer 6

Mortar Joints

Question 7

Mortar is available in five basic types with compressive strengths ranging from __psi to __psi.

Answer 7

75 - 2,500psi

Question 8

A well-constructed masonry wall that has not been undermined or weakened is usually the last ____ _____ to fail in a wood-joisted building.

Answer 8

Structural Component

Question 9

Masonry is most relevant to firefighters when it is used in _____.

Answer 9

Walls

Question 10

Some masonry materials, such a gypsum block and lightweight concrete block, are limited to use in ____-_____ partition walls.

Answer 10

Nonload-Bearing

Question 11

Nonreinforced masonry walls are usually limited to a maximum height of __ stories.

Answer 11

Six

Question 12

A ____ is a single vertical column of masonry units in a wall. A _____ is a horizontal layer of individual masonry units.

Answer 12

Wythe ; Course

Question 13

A ____ course has bricks places end-to-end

A ____ course has bricks placed vertically on end

A ____ course has bricks placed with the end facing out

Answer 13

Stretcher

Solider

Header

Question 14

In ______ (CBBF) masonry construction, a brick wythe is commonly used in combination with a concrete block wythe. Metal tie rods made be used for reinforcement. The cavity between the wythes is then filled with grout.

Answer 14

Concrete Block Brick Faced

Question 15

The reinforcement of masonry walls can take other forms and can include architectural features, such as:

(three answers)

Answer 15

-Buttresses
-Flying Buttresses
-Pilasters

Question 16

In many residential and small commercial buildings, the wood joists or beams simply rest on masonry wall in an indentation known as a ___ ____. These are several inches deep to provide an adequate bearing surface for the beam.

Answer 16

Beam Pocket

Question 17

____ ___: Angled cut made at the end of a wood joist or wood beam that rests in a masonry wall to allow the beam to fall away freely from the wall in case of failure of the beam. This helps the beam from acting as a lever to push against the masonry.

Answer 17

Fire Cut

Question 18

Masonry over an opening is supported by the use of a ____, an ____, or a ____.

Answer 18

Lintel ; Arch ; Corbel

Question 19

A ____ is the most common method of supporting loads over openings in masonry walls. They are a beam over an opening, usually made of steel, reinforced concrete, or reinforced masonry.

Answer 19

Lintel

Question 20

A parapet is an extension of a masonry or steel wall that projects above the roof ___ or more.

Answer 20

1 foot

Question 21

A masonry building is sometimes provided with a decorative false front or _____ through renovation or the original design. These can create a combustible void that is not normally encountered with masonry walls.

Answer 21

Facade

*aka “false roof” or “fascia”

Question 22

Collapse zones are typically at least ___ times the height of the building all around the building’s perimeter.

Answer 22

1.5x

Question 23

Because intersecting masonry walls support each other, the corners of the building or other points of intersection, such as _____ or ______, will be the STRONGEST points in a masonry structure.

Answer 23

Stairwells or Elevator Shafts

Question 24

One way to stabilize a masonry structure under normal conditions is to extend a series of steel ___ ____ inside the building through the masonry walls ____ to the joists, and secure them in place outside the wall with ___ ____ or ____ ____.

Answer 24

Tie Rods
Parallel
Bearing Plates or Structural Washers

Question 25

Tie Rods usually have a ______ to adjust the tension in the rod.

Answer 25

Turnbuckle

Question 26

One potential problem with the use of tie rods is that the steel rods can become _____ under fire conditions and _____, weakening the walls.

Answer 26

Heated ; Stretch