14- HazMat- Victim Rescue and Recovery

Question 1

Responders assess survivability at hazmat incidents by identifying and evaluating factors including:

*5 answers

Answer 1

-Mechanism of injury or exposure
-IDLH
-Values such as lethal doses or lethal concentrations
-Contact time and concentration of materials
-Hazard class and health effects

Question 2

Recovery operations are generally _____ activities directed at locating and retrieving remains of a deceased victim.

Answer 2

Nonemergency

Question 3

Developing and implementing a successful rescue and recovery operation requires:

*5 answers

Answer 3

-Training
-Comprehensive understanding of the rescue process
-Information about local capabilities and facilities
-Skills to perform rescues safely and efficiently
-A rescue plan

Question 4

In addition to filling the IC and Hazmat Safety Officer positions, ______ must be established and the ______ must be ready before the entry team enters the hot zone.

Answer 4

Decontamination ; Backup Team

Question 5

The ____ ____ is responsible for providing proper supervision and overseeing the safety of all entry teams.

Answer 5

Rescue Supervisor

Question 6

____ ____ members work in teams of two (buddy system) and wear appropriate PPE. They enter the hot zone during rescue and recovery operations.

Answer 6

Entry Team

Question 7

____ ____ members work in teams of two (buddy system) and wear appropriate PPE. They have the sole responsibility of rescuing entry team members in case of emergency.

Answer 7

Backup Team

Question 8

When responders perform rescue operations, they should prepare for the following:

*5 answers

Answer 8

-Direct exposure to hazards in the hot zone
-Dangers posed by the unstable physical environment of the incident
-Stress from working in PPE
-Emotional trauma of a situation involving a mass casualty event
-Decon of persons involved in the incident

Question 9

Rescue priorities at hazmat incidents may differ from other emergency incidents in which efforts are made to reach the more severely injured victims first. At hazmat incidents, rescuers typically start:

Answer 9

At the incident’s outer edges and work their way in.

Question 10

Rescuers at hazmat incidents typically start at the incident’s outer edges and work their way in, following these priorities:

*4 priorities, done in order

Answer 10

1. Assist ambulatory casualties to save themselves (direct them to an area of safe refuge to await decon)
2. Evacuate nonambulatory casualties showing signs of life from the warm zone
3. Evacuate nonambulatory casualties showing signs of life from the hot zone
4. Recover the deceased

Question 11

Rescuers address ambulatory victims with the _____ first. These victims are usually the farthest away from the release, have experienced the lowest level of exposure and related dose, and require the least amount of time to remove.

Answer 11

Line-of-sight

Question 12

If possible, rescuers should direct ambulatory line-of-sight victims to a safe haven or area of refuge with the ____ zone until a determination is made regarding the need for decon.

Answer 12

Warm

Question 13

After entry teams have removed the ambulatory victims within the line-of-sight, they can focus on:

Answer 13

The nonambulatory victims within the line-of-sight.

Question 14

Typically, responders with proper training will move unconscious victims who respond to touch stimulation to the ____ area.

Answer 14

Decontamination

*this is done so medical personnel can treat critical injuries and medically monitor victims as decon takes place

Question 15

Ambulatory victims not in the line-of-sight may be addressed or directed to self-rescue via:

Answer 15

Speakers, public address systems, intercoms, or other means.

*if possible, direct them to a safe haven or area of safe refuge where they can be assessed for decon need or medical treatment.

Question 16

_______ victims are the LAST to be rescued from the hot zone. Rescue of these victims typically poses the GREATEST DANGER to emergency response personnel and requires increased planning and resources to carry out.

Answer 16

Nonambulatory victims outside the line-of-sight

Question 17

The _____ will make the decision to transition to recovery operations and coordinate with other agencies such as law enforcement. This happens when NO CHANCE REMAINS of rescuing victims alive.

Answer 17

Incident Commander

Question 18

One common triage system requires responders to quickly assess a victim’s status and assign them into one of FOUR basic categories:

Answer 18

-Priority 1: Life threatening injuries and illnesses
-Priority 2: Serious, but not life-threatening injuries
-Priority 3: Minor injuries
-Priority 4: Dead or fatally injured

Question 19

Victims with MINOR injuries may need to be assisted to an area of safe refuge using one of the following victim ASSIST methods:

*2 answers

Answer 19

-Buddy Assist- victims assist one another under the direction of responders

-Walking Assist- responders assist the victim with movement to the safe area

Question 20

The following are types of carries and drags that rescue personnel frequently use:

*6 answers

Answer 20

-Incline Drag: enables a rescuer to move the victim up or down a stairway or incline

-Extremities Lift/Carry: enables two rescuers to move any victim

-Webbing Drag: a rescuer pulls on a section of webbing wrapped around the victim’s body

-Cradle-in-Arms Lift/Carry: used to carry children or small, conscious adults; impractical for unconscious adults

-Seat Lift/Carry: enables two rescuers to carry a conscious or unconscious victim

-Litter Carry: the long backboard litter is common

Question 21

Since bodies are probably contaminated, they will need to be _____ and _____ before removal.

Answer 21

Evaluated and Decontaminated