12- Truck Company S&T- Horizontal Ventilation

Question 1

______ Ventilation remains the most frequently used form of tactical ventilation.

Answer 1

Horizontal

Question 2

_____ _____ that are supported by steel coils can be used in either positive pressure ventilation (PPV) or negative pressure ventilation (NPV). Very effective once the fire is controlled, they can channel smoke and gases through a building without contaminating undamaged areas.

Answer 2

Flexible Ducts

Question 3

Using a smoke ejector/flexible duct combination is an excellent method of ventilating areas:

Answer 3

Below Grade

Question 4

____-____ windows have one movable section; in ____-____ windows, both halves are movable. In both cases, only HALF (50%) of the window area is available for ventilation unless the panes are broken out.

Answer 4

Single-Hung ; Double-Hung

Question 5

_____ Windows are usually opened and closed using a small hand crank built into the frame. They have one or two side-hinged, outward swinging sashes, and the screens are on the inside. The entire window area (100%) is available for ventilation when open.

Answer 5

Casement

Question 6

____-____ Windows have two or more sashes, one of which is fixed and the other/others are movable. Movable sash can be lifted out of frame without damaging the window. In most designs, half (50%) of the window area is available for ventilation without breaking the glass.

Answer 6

Horizontal-Sliding

Question 7

____ Windows have one or more top-hinged, outward-swinging sashes. All of the openable area is available for ventilation.

Answer 7

Awning

Question 8

_____ Windows consist of narrow horizontal panes of glass set in pivoting brackets at each end. The panes overlap in a louver-like fashion. Very difficult to open from the outside without breaking the panes. When open, they offer the entire area (100%) for ventilation.

Answer 8

Jalousie

Question 9

_____ Windows, aka “factory windows,” may be hinged at the top or bottom and may swing inward or outward. All the openable area (100%) is available for ventilation.

Answer 9

Projected

Question 10

_____ Windows have bottom-hinged, inward-swinging sashes. They look like awning windows that have been installed upside down. They allow all the openable area (100%) for ventilation.

Answer 10

Hopper

Question 11

Although there are several brands of energy-efficient windows, they are all commonly referred to as _____ ______.

Answer 11

Thermal Windows

Question 12

It is often quicker and more efficient to cut and remove the entire window frame with the window in tact, than to try to break a _______ window.

Answer 12

Thermoplastic

Question 13

A door opened for tactical ventilation should purposes should be ___ ____, but not _____.

Answer 13

Blocked open but not removed.

Question 14

Some of the most common types of walls that firefighters may have to breach for horizontal ventilation are:

*3 answers

Answer 14

-Stem Walls
-Interior Firewalls
-Exterior Walls

Question 15

The ____ ____, located between the foundation footing and the first floor, may extend well above the ground if the building occupies a sloping site.

Answer 15

Stem Wall

Question 16

____ Walls are constructed of masonry or a specified thickness of gypsum drywall over a wood or metal frame. They must extend the entire width of the building and usually extend up to and above combustible roofs.

Answer 16

Fire

Question 17

Generally, ______ should not be breached for ventilation purposes.

Answer 17

Firewalls

Question 18

Exterior masonry walls usually range from __ to __ inches or more in thickness.

Answer 18

8 to 12 inches

Question 19

Important factors that must be considered in a plan for horizontal ventilation include:

*3 answers

Answer 19

-Location of the fire
-Wind direction and speed
-Location of ventilation openings

Question 20

The direction from which the wind is blowing

Answer 20

Windward

Question 21

The direction opposite from which the wind is blowing

Answer 21

Leeward

Question 22

When opening windows for tactical ventilation, the exit opening should be about ____ as large as the inlet opening.

Answer 22

Twice

Question 23

Smoke ejectors are usually set up in openings on the ____ side of the building.

Answer 23

Leeward

Question 24

Smoke ejectors should be placed near the TOP of the opening, because _____ causes the majority of the heat and smoke to rise to the top of the compartment.

Answer 24

Convection

Question 25

For PPV, blowers are set up about __ feet outside the point of entry into the building so the cone of air they create completely covers the inlet opening.

Answer 25

6

Question 26

Compared with mechanical smoke ejectors, fog streams are capable of removing __ to __ times more smoke.

Answer 26

2 to 4

Question 27

A fog stream directed through a window or doorway with a __ degree pattern, covering __ to __ % of the opening, provides the best results for ventilation. In most cases it should be about __ feet inside the room being ventilated.

Answer 27

60 degree pattern
85-90% of the opening
2 feet inside the room

Question 28

Regardless of the size of the opening, the spray pattern for hydraulic ventilation should not exceed __ degrees.

Answer 28

60