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Pathology finish > 73. neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic system (types of leukemia) > Flashcards

73. neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic system (types of leukemia) Flashcards

1
Q

73-1. chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis
definition of chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

neoplastic proliferation of mature myeloid cells, especially granulocyte

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2
Q

73-1. chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis
gene related to chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

philadelphia chromosome : BCR-ABL fusion (t(9;22))

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3
Q

73-1. chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis
consequence of chronic myeloid leukemia (3)

A

splenomegaly
transform to acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
transform to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

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4
Q

73-1. chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis
definition of myelofibrosis

A

neoplastic proliferation of mature myeloid cells, especially megakaryocytes

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5
Q

73-1. chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis
Genetic predisposition of myelofibrosis

A

JAK2 kinase mutation

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6
Q

73-1. chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis
pathomechanism of myelofibrosis

A

megakaryocyte produce excess platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), cause marrow fibrosis

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7
Q

73-2. myelodysplastic syndromes

definition of myelodysplastic syndrome

A

group of blood cancers caused by impaired hematopoietic stem cell

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8
Q

73-2. myelodysplastic syndromes

causes and types of MDS

A

primary : unknown

secondary : after chemotherapy or radiotherapy

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9
Q

73-2. myelodysplastic syndromes

complications of MDS (4)

A

cytopenia
hypercellular bone marrow
abnormal maturation of cells
acute myeloblastic leukemia (blast >20%)

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10
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

definition of acute myeloid leukemia

A

neoplastic accumulation of immature myeloid cells (> 20%) in bone marrow

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11
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (3)

A

acute promyelocytic leukemia
acute monocytic leukemia
acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

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12
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

pathomechanism of acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

promyelocyte accumulation, increase risk of DIC

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13
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

cause of acute promyelocytic leukemia

A

t(15;17), translocation of retinoic acid on chromosome 17 to 15

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14
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

associated disease with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

A

down syndrome

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15
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

cause of acute myelogenous leukemia

A

myelodysplastic syndromes

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16
Q

73-3. acute myelogenous leukemia

clinical manifestation of acute monocytic leukemia

A

immature myeloid cell (blast) infiltration to gums

Pathology finish (30 decks)

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