70. Cerebrovascular diseases, types of intracranial hemorrhage, ischemic disorders Flashcards
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
types of ischemia (2)
global cerebral ischemia
focal cerebral ischemia
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
etiology of global cerebral ischemia (4)
atherosclerotic plaque
cardiogenic shock
anemia
hypoglycemia
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
stage of global cerebral ischemia
transient confusion
diffuse necrosis
vegetative state
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
susceptible area of global cerebral ischemia
watershed area (area between cerebral artery)
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
susceptible neurons of global cerebral ischemia (3)
pyramidal cell of cerebral cortex (cortical pseudolaminar necrosis : layer 3 & 5)
pyramidal cell of hippocampus
purkinje cell of cerebellum
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
types of focal cerebral ischemia (4)
thrombotic : due to rupture of atherosclerotic plaque
embolic : due to emboli
vasculitis
lacunar : due to hyaline arteriosclerosis
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
source of thrombotic stroke (3)
carotid bifurcation
middle cerebral artery
basilar artery
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
source of embolic stroke (4)
left heart (A. fibrilation)
carotid artery
paradoxical embolism
tumor, fat, air
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
common place of embolic stroke
middle cerebral artery
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
etiology of lacunar stroke
hyaline arteriolosclerosis due to hypertension, DM
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
consequences of focal cerebral ischemia
liquefactive necrosis
70-1. Ischemia in the central nervous system
stage of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
acute : dead of red neuron, cytotoxic edema, neutrophil infiltration
subacute : microglial cell & monocyte activity, angiogenesis
chronic phase : cystic cavity formation, gliosis
70-2. Intracranial hemorrhage
types of intracranial hemorrhage
epidural hematoma
subdural hematoma
subarachnoid hemorrhage
intracerebral hemorrhage
70-2. Intracranial hemorrhage
characteristics of epidural hematoma
- affecting vessel
- morphology
- clinical manifestation
(middle) meningeal artery
lens shaped on CT
lucid interval neuronal symptom
70-2. Intracranial hemorrhage
characteristics of subdural hematoma
- affecting vessel
- morphology
- clinical manifestation
bridging vein
crescent shape on CT
progressive neurological symptom
