54. Tumors of the testis, categorization, tumor markers

Question 1

54-1. testis tumor

categorization of testis tumor

Answer 1

germ cell tumor (95%)

sex cord stromal tumor (5%)

Question 2

54-1. testis tumor

categorization of germ cell tumor

Answer 2

seminoma (60%)
non seminoma (40%)
- embryonal carcinoma
- yolk sac tumor
- choriocarcinoma
- teratoma
- mixed germ cell tumor

Question 3

54-1. testis tumor

morphology of seminoma (5)

Answer 3

soft, yellow well-circumscribed lesion
large, clear cytoplasm
central nucleus
homogenous mass
no necrosis or hemorrhage

Question 4

54-1. testis tumor

prognosis, metastasis, tumor marker of seminoma

Answer 4

good prognosis
late metastasis
beta-hCG

Question 5

54-1. testis tumor

morphology of embryonal carcinoma (3)

Answer 5

pleomorphic, poorly differentiated cells
glandular, lobular, tubular formation
with hemorrhage and necrosis

Question 6

54-1. testis tumor

incidence, metastasis of embyonal carcinoma

Answer 6

20-30 years old

aggressive, early metastasis

Question 7

54-1. testis tumor

morphology of yolk sac tumor

Answer 7

presence schiller duval body

Question 8

54-1. testis tumor

incidence, tumor marker of yolk sac tumor

Answer 8

most in children

AFP

Question 9

54-1. testis tumor

morphology of choriocarcinoma (2)

Answer 9

presence of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast

cystic hemorrhagic central part

Question 10

54-1. testis tumor

incidence, tumor marker of choriocarcinoma

Answer 10

20-30 years old

beta-hCG

Question 11

54-1. testis tumor

morphology of teratoma

Answer 11

tissue from of 3 germ cell layers with varying differentiation

Question 12

54-1. testis tumor

incidence of teratoma

Answer 12

all ages

Question 13

54-1. testis tumor

morphology of mixed germ cell tumor

Answer 13

usually teratoma + embryonal carcinoma

Question 14

54-1. testis tumor

incidence, tumor marker of mixed germ cell tumor

Answer 14

15-30 years old

beta-hCG and AFP

Question 15

54-1. testis tumor

types of sex cord stromal tumor

Answer 15

leydig cell tumor

sertoli cell tumor

Question 16

54-1. testis tumor

characteristics of sex cord stromal tumor

Answer 16

benign, resemble sex cord stromal cells (leydig cell, sertoli cell)

Question 17

54-1. testis tumor

characteristics of leydig cell tumor

Answer 17

produce androgen, cause precocious puberty or gynecomastia

Question 18

54-1. testis tumor

characteristics of sertoli cell tumor

Answer 18

clinically silent

Question 19

54-2. tumor marker of testis tumor

tumor markers of testis tumor

Answer 19

beta hCG : seminoma, choriocarcinoma, mixed germ cell tumor

AFP : yolk sac tumor, mixed germ cell tumor