71. Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system Flashcards
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
types of CNS tumor (5)
glioma neuronal tumor embrynal tumor meningioma craniopharayngioma
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
types of glioma (3)
astrocytoma
oligodendroglioma
ependymoma
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
types of astrocytoma (4)
diffuse astrocytoma
anaplastic astrocytoma
glioblastoma multiforme
pilocytic astrocytoma
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
location, symptom of astrocytoma
cerebral hemisphere
seizure, headache, focal neurological defect
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of glioblastoma multiforme
- differentiation
- location
- microscopic change
poorly differentiated malignant tumor
characteristically across corpus callosum
cause regional necrosis, endothelial cell proliferation
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of pilocytic astrocytoma
- epidemiology
- location
- microscopic morphology
usually in children
located in cerebellum
cystic lesion, mural nodule
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
molecular marker of glioma
GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein)
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of oligodendroglioma
- gross morphology
- microscopic morphology
calcific tumor on white matter
fried-egg appearance
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of ependymoma
- origin, location
- epidemiology
ependymal cell, usually in 4th ventricle
children, cause hydrocephalus
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
types of neuronal tumor (2)
neurocytoma
ganglioglioma
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of ganglioglioma
- location
- symptom
mostly in temporal lobe
epilepsy seizure
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of neurocytoma
- location (2)
central (intraventricular)
extraventricular
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of medulloblastoma
- origin, location
- epidemiology
granular cell (small round blue cell) of cerebellum children
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of medulloblastoma
- clinical manifestation
- malignancy
increases intracranial pressure, cause hydrocephalus
aggressive, spread to leptomeninges & CSF
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of meningioma
- origin, location
- risk factor
(most common benign brain tumor)
arachnoid cell, attached on dura mater
female, head & neck irradiation, NF2 gene lost in chr. 22
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of chraniopharyngioma
- location
- clinical manifestation
sellar origin af rathke’s pouch
compress optic chiasm, cause bitemporal hemianopsia
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
types of PNS tumor (3)
schwannoma
neurofibroma
malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST)
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of schwannoma
- location
- clinical manifestation
(most common PNS tumor)
cranial nerve 8 (vestibular nerve)
cause hearing loss, tinnitus
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
types of neurofibroma (2)
cutaneous/solitary
plexiform
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of cutaneous neurofibroma
- location
- form
skin
nodule, hyperpigmented, maccule
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of plexiform neurofibroma
potential malignancy
- Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system
characteristics of MPNST
- origin
- malignancy
from plexiform neurofibroma
locally invasive, metastatic spread
