59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

Question 1

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

differentiation of thyroid tumor (2)

Answer 1

radioactive iodine uptake
- hot nodule : graves disease, nodular goiter
- cold nodule : adenoma, carcinoma
tumors are usually solitary

Question 2

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

types of thyroid carcinoma

Answer 2

follicular carcinoma
papillary carcinoma
medullary carcinoma
anaplastic carcinoma

Question 3

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

microscopic characteristics, metastasis of follicular carcinoma

Answer 3

invasion of fibrous capsule

metastasis by hematogenously

Question 4

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

etiology, incidence of papillary carcinoma

Answer 4

exposure to ionizing radiation when childhood

most common thyroid carcinoma

Question 5

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

microscopic morphology of papillary carcinoma (2)

Answer 5

orphan annie nuclei

psammoma body

Question 6

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

characteristics of medullary carcinoma

Answer 6

from parafollicular C cell, secrete calcitonin

Question 7

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

complication of medullary carcinoma

Answer 7

hypocalcemia

amyloid deposition on the thyroid

Question 8

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

pathogenesis of medullary carcinoma

Answer 8

sporadic

familial case : MEN 2, RET oncogene mutation

Question 9

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

characteristics of anaplastic carcinoma (3)

Answer 9

undifferentiated cells
aggressive local invasion
poor prognosis

Question 10

59. Tumors of the thyroid gland

microscopic morphology, characteristics of thyroid adenoma

Answer 10

proliferation of follicles surrounded by capsule

usually non-functional