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Pathology finish > 62. Inflammatory, metabolic and degenerative bone and joint diseases > Flashcards

62. Inflammatory, metabolic and degenerative bone and joint diseases Flashcards

1
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

congenital diseases of bone (3)

A

osteogenesis imperfecta
achondroplasia
osteopetrosis

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2
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

etiology of osteogenesis imperfecta

A

autosomal dominant, collagen 1 synthesis defect

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3
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

clinical manifestation of osteogenesis imperfecta (3)

A

weak bone
hearing loss
blue sclera

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4
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

etiology of achondroplasia

A

autosomal dominant, fibroblast growth hormone receptor (FGHR 3) mutation

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5
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

clinical manifestation of achondroplasia

A

dwarfism

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6
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

etiology of osteopetrosis

A

inherited defect (AD & AR) of bone resorption

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7
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

types of osteopetrosis

A

malignant infantile : AR, lethal

adult : AD, mild symptoms

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8
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

morphology of osteopetrosis

A

thick, heavy bone, easily fracture

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9
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

clinical manifestation of osteopetrosis (4)

A

bone fracture
myelophthisic process (anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia)
hearing & visual impairment
hydrocephalus

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10
Q

62-1. Congenital diseases of bone. Bone lesions related to endocrine syndromes

endocrine syndromes related to bone (3)

A

hyperparathyroidism
hyper/hypothyroidism
DM

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11
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

definition of osteoporosis

A

reduction in trabecular bone mass

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12
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

etiology of osteoporosis (3)

A

genetics (vitamin D receptor variant)
diet
exercise

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13
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

types of osteoporosis (2)

A

senile : usually on spine, femoral neck, due to decreased osteoblast activity
postmenopausal : due to decreased estrogen

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14
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

laboratory findings of osteoporosis

A

no change of serum Ca2+, phosphate, PTH

need DEXA scan

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15
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

definition of rickets / osteomalacia

A

defective mineralization of osteoid in child / adult

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16
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

etiology of rickets & osteomalacia

A

vitamin D deficiency (decreased sun exposure)

17
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

clinical manifestation of rickets (3)

A

pigeon breast
frontal bossing
bowing of leg

18
Q

62-2. Osteoporosis, rickets, osteomalacia

laboratory findings of osteomalacia

A

decreased serum Ca2+ & phosphate
increased PTH
increased alkaline phosphate

19
Q

62-3. Osteomyelitis. Paget’s disease

definition of osteomyelitis

A

infection of bone and bone marrow

20
Q

62-3. Osteomyelitis. Paget’s disease

infectious agent, route of infection of osteomyelitis

A 
hematogenous spreading
- staphylococcus aureus
- N. gonorrhea
- salmonella
...
21
Q

62-3. Osteomyelitis. Paget’s disease

clinical manifestation of osteomyelitis

A

bone pain
abscess surrounded by sclerosis of bone
systemic sign of infection

22
Q

62-3. Osteomyelitis. Paget’s disease

definition of Paget disease

A

imbalance of osteoclast and osteoblast

23
Q

62-3. Osteomyelitis. Paget’s disease

clinical progression of paget disease

A

usually in elderly

osteoclast -> mixed -> osteoblast

24
Q

62-3. Osteomyelitis. Paget’s disease

clinical manifestation of paget disease (5)

A 
thick, sclerotic bone
bone fracture
hearing loss
lion face
increased risk of osteosarcoma

Pathology finish (30 decks)

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