7. İÇ HASTALIKLAR Lymphadenomegaly and Splenomegaly

Question 1

Lymphadenomegaly ölçüleri

Answer 1

Genelde 1 cmden büyük olanlar abnomral sayılır

Cervical ve inguinal bölgede 1.5 santim üstü abnormal sayılır

Question 2

Ne Lymphadenomegaly’e sebep olur

Answer 2

malignancies

infections

autoimmune disorders

miscellaneous

iatrogenic

Question 3

Lymphadenomegaly’e sebep olan Malignancyler nelerdir

Answer 3

Hodgkin and non Hodgkin Lymphoma: (persistent, painless, firm lymphadenopathy)

genel olarak acute leukemias

CLL, CML

systemic mastocytosis

amyloidosis

multiple myeloma

Question 4

Lymphadenomegaly’e sebep olan infectionlar nelerdir

Answer 4

URTI such as influenza virus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, or adenovirus

EBV

HIV

CMV

cat scratch disease, brucellosis, tuberculosis, tularemia, syphilis

coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcus, histoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis


cellulitis, erysipelas, impetigo, skin abscess


HSV

Question 5

EBV hangi Lymphadenomegaly’e sebep olur?

Answer 5

swollen or tender cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 6

hangi autoimmune hastalıklar Lymphadenomegaly’e sebep olur

Answer 6

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

adult onset Still disease

sjogren syndrome

immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) related disease

Takayasu arteritis

Kawasaki disease

Question 7

lymph nodes associated with infection are?

Answer 7

generally painful, red , warm, fluctuant

Question 8

lymph nodes associated with lymphoma are?

Answer 8

typically firm, rubbery and painless

Question 9

lymph nodes associated with metastases are

Answer 9

typically hard and immobile

Question 10

How to diagnoes Lymphadenomegaly

Answer 10

CBC

LFT, ESR , CRP

imaging (US, CT or PET CT

cultures, serologies

protein electrophoresis, free light chains, and
immunoglobulin

biopsy (fine needle aspiration, core needle,
open excisional)

Question 11

What is considered Spenomegaly?

Answer 11

bigger then 13 cm

Question 12

signs of splenomegaly

Answer 12

abdominal pain, chest pain, stomach, bladder or bowels are full, back pain, early satiety due to splenic
encroachment

Question 13

Signs of splenomegaly

Answer 13

dull note on percussion ,n traube’s space

Question 14

What is Hypersplenism

Answer 14

Overactive Spleen

Question 15

What can cause Hypersplenism

Answer 15

splenomegaly
anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia
compensatory bone marrow hyperplasia

Question 16

What is accessory Spleen

Answer 16

splenic tissue located separately from the anatomical location of the spleen

most found at the lower splenic pole

typically < 25 mm in diameter

Question 17

sickle cell disease

beta thalassemia majör

hereditary spherocytosis

hereditary elliptocytosis

hereditary pyropoikilocytosis

pernicious anemia
viral infection (CMV, EBV, HBV, HCV)

Can cause spleen….

Answer 17

can cause increased splenic function?

Question 18

spleen’i ne işgal eder?

8

Answer 18

DLBCL , mantle cell lymphoma

non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)

hairy cell leukemia

chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome

metastatic lesions ( breast, lung, ovarian, colorectal, gastric, and melanoma

Question 19

What is massive splenomegaly

Answer 19

defined as clinically palpable > 8 cm below left costal margin

Question 20

What can cause massive splenomegaly?

6

Answer 20

chronic myeloid leukemia, HCL

beta thalassemia majör

kala azar (visceral leishmaniasis)

malaria

Gaucher disease

myelofibrosis