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3. sınıf 1. komite > 1. pataloji NEOPLASIA-1*4 > Flashcards

1. pataloji NEOPLASIA-1*4 Flashcards

1
Q

TUMOR PARENCHYMA and Stroma işlişkisi neye benzer?

A

Brick and cement

Stroma has vascular system
stroma communicates with host immune

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2
Q

what are the Types of Tumors?

A
  1. Epithelial
  2. Mesenchymal
  3. Mixed: connective/support tissue
  4. Teratomatous: All germ layers.
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3
Q

Epithelial malignant neoplasmsa ne denir

A

carcinoma.

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4
Q

Soft and solid tissue mesenchymal malignant neoplasms a ne denir?

A

Sacroma

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5
Q

Blood & lymph derived mesenchymal malignant neoplasms ‘a Ne Denir?

A

Leukemia or lymphoma

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6
Q
  • Adenoma Nedir?
A

iyi huylu, glandüler (bez kaynaklı) epitelyal neoplazm.

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7
Q

Parmak benzeri büyüme gösteren iyi huylu, skuamöz epitelyal neoplazm nedir?.

A

Papilloma ?

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8
Q

Adenocarcinoma?

A

malign, glandüler epitelyal neoplazm

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9
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma’nın özellikleri nelerdir

A

malignanttır .squamous epithelial neoplasmdır

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10
Q

adenokarsinom neye denir.

A

Glandüler düzende büyüyen karsinomlara

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11
Q

NOT SARCOMA BUT ARE MALIGNANT olanlar?

A

Lymphoma
Plasmacytoma
Melanoma
Glioma

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12
Q

HAMARTOMA:

A

yan durma

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13
Q

CHORISTOMA

A

KÖR:
olması gereken yerde değil

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14
Q

Maligant tümörlerin genel özellikleri nelerdir?
1
2
3
4

A
  1. Loss of differentiation, anaplasia
    * 2. Local invasion
    * 3. Metastasis
    * 4. Rapid growth
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15
Q

Pleomorphism nedir

A

apparens different in both shape and size.

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16
Q

levels of carcinomas

A

Normal

Hyperplasia

metaplasia

Dysplasia

Carcinoma in-situ

Invasive carcinoma

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17
Q

Metaplasia means?

A

transformation of a normal mature epithelium into another type of epithelium

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18
Q

Dysplasia means?

A

improper growth and maturation of an epithelium

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19
Q

bil bakalım bu ne?
It occurs only in the epithelium

is a precancerous (a condition takes before cancer) condition

A disorganized growth.

It is divided into 3 grades: low, moderate and high.

A

DYSPLASIA

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20
Q

In situ carcinoma ve invasive carsinoma arasındaki fark nedir?

A

ilki layer değiştirmez

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21
Q

erkeklerde ve kadınlarda sırasıyla en çok ölüme sebep olan Kanser nedir?

A

lung and bronchus ikisinde de en çok öldüren
bunu erkeklerde prostat kadınlarda breast takip ediyor

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22
Q

erkeklerde ve kadınlarda sırasıyla en çok görülen Kanser nedir?
1 … , …
2
3

A
  1. Prostat Breast
  2. Lung
  3. colon rectum
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23
Q

arsenik hangi kansere sebep olur

A

lung and skin

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24
Q

Asbestos

A

lung
Mesethelioma

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25
benzene
leukemia
26
berilyium
lung
27
Cadmium
prostat Prostatta sorun var ben hiç (kalkmıyım= Cadmium)
28
Ethlene oxide
leukemnia
29
vinyl chloride
Angiosarcoma
30
BRCA-1 BRCA-2 neye sebep olur Bunu soracaklar kesin
Ovarian Breast kanser
31
Villous adenoma of the colon, associated with ?
colorectal carcinoma
32
CAN A BENIGN NEOPLASM UNDERGO MALIGN TRANSFORMATION
Generaly no But some times like colon adenomas turns to adenocarsinoma
33
Barrett's esophagus hangi kanser riskine sahiptir?
esophageal adenocarcinomas.
34
Squamous epithelial metaplasia and subsequent dysplasia hangi kanser riskine sahiptir?
lung cancer.
35
Villous adenomas in colorectal region hangi kanser riskine sahiptir?
colorectal carcinoma
36
APC ne işe yarar
tümör hücrelerini tanır ve onları t hücrelerine gösterir
37
t cells ne işe yarar
kill the tumor
38
B Cells ne işe yarar
Antibodies oluşturur
39
PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES nedir?
tümörün salgı bezine madde salgılatması sonucu olan olaylara denir
40
CACHEXIA
şu aşırı kilo verme olayı
41
TNM nedir?
kanserin stagelerini ayırmayı sağlar
42
FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION özellikleri nelerdir?
Not a real biopsy—> no tissue is removed. Cytological examination (cells are examined individually or in groups, not tissues).
43
INSICIONAL BIOPSY özellikleri nelerdir?
by dissecting only one small section of the lesion.
44
EXCITIONAL BIOPSY'nin özellikleri nelerdir
removal of the entire lesion/tumor with appropriate surgical margins.
45
RESECTION MATERIALS nedir
surgical removal of part or all of an organ
46
WHAT IS A SURGICAL MARGIN?
It is the last line passed by the surgeon's scalpel (2 mm or more in most malignant tumors).
47
PSA Marker'ı ne işe yarar
Prostat kanserinde kulanılır
48
CEA Marker'ı ne işe yarar
In all adenocarcinomas (large intestine, lung)
49
EGFR: Marker'ı ne işe yarar
Lung spesific
50
Alpha feto protein Marker'ı ne işe yarar
liver cancer.
51
ALK-1, K-RAS EGFR MOLEKÜLER BELİRTEÇLERİ ne işe yarar
Lung adenocarcinoma
52
HER-2: belirteci ne işe yarar
Breast carcinoma
53
WHAT IS CELL BASEMENT MEMBRANE
The basement membrane is a thin fibrous layer Contains collagen It consists of lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis It connects the lower layers of epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue.
54
kasner nasıl invasyonn yapar
kanser çevredeki stromayı değiştirir
55
CADHERINS nedir?
They ensure that the skeleton of the cells remains correct (polarity)
56
* Malignant neoplasms disseminate by one of three pathways: 1. 2. 3.
* (1) seeding within body cavities= e.g.: ovarian serous carcinoma * (2) lymphatic spread= mostly sarcomas * (3) Hematogenous spread= mostly carcinomas
56
INTEGRINS nedir?
Gycoproteins that serve as basement membrane receptors
57
METASTASIS nedir
metastaz tümör kolonisidir tümörün kötülüğünün kanıtıdır
58
Kemik sarkomları nereye metastas yapar
akçiğer
59
Melanom dışındaki deri tümörleri nasıl metastas yapar
lokal invazyon sık yapar ancak uzak metastaz nadirdir
60
LYMPHATIC/VASCULAR SPREAD nedir kimler yapar
lenfi carcinomalar yapar hematogeneus sarcomalar tarafından sevilir
61
sentinel lymph node” nedir?
first regional lymph node that receives lymph flow from a primary tumor. mavi boyayı sapla tümöre gör sentineli nerede
62
CARCINOMAS WITH HEMATOGENIC SPREADS
Renal cell carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinomas
63
Renal cell carcinoma nereye gider
invades the renal vein to grow in a snakelike fashion up the inferior vena cava Sometimes reaching the right side of the heart.
64
Hepatocellular carcinomas nereye gider
portal and hepatic veins, eventually reaching the main venous channels.
65
when will the cell Exit from the blood vessel and passage to the area where it will metastasize
Cytokine receptors. tells maybe???
66
Angiogenesis nedir
damar oluşturma
67
Lymphangiogenesis ne işe yarar?
increases the metastasis ability of the Malignanttumor
68
Malignant cells ne üreterek basal membranı kırar
MMP2
69
ANGIOGENESIS hangi factor sağlar
VEGF
70

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