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3. sınıf 1. komite > 1. pataloji NEOPLASIA-1*4 > Flashcards

1. pataloji NEOPLASIA-1*4 Flashcards

1
Q

TUMOR PARENCHYMA and Stroma işlişkisi neye benzer?

A

Brick and cement

Stroma has vascular system
stroma communicates with host immune

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2
Q

what are the Types of Tumors?

A
  1. Epithelial
  2. Mesenchymal
  3. Mixed: connective/support tissue
  4. Teratomatous: All germ layers.
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3
Q

Epithelial malignant neoplasmsa ne denir

A

carcinoma.

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4
Q

Soft and solid tissue mesenchymal malignant neoplasms a ne denir?

A

Sacroma

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5
Q

Blood & lymph derived mesenchymal malignant neoplasms ‘a Ne Denir?

A

Leukemia or lymphoma

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6
Q
  • Adenoma Nedir?
A

iyi huylu, glandüler (bez kaynaklı) epitelyal neoplazm.

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7
Q

Parmak benzeri büyüme gösteren iyi huylu, skuamöz epitelyal neoplazm nedir?.

A

Papilloma ?

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8
Q

Adenocarcinoma?

A

malign, glandüler epitelyal neoplazm

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9
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma’nın özellikleri nelerdir

A

malignanttır .squamous epithelial neoplasmdır

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10
Q

adenokarsinom neye denir.

A

Glandüler düzende büyüyen karsinomlara

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11
Q

NOT SARCOMA BUT ARE MALIGNANT olanlar?

A

Lymphoma
Plasmacytoma
Melanoma
Glioma

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12
Q

HAMARTOMA:

A

yan durma

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13
Q

CHORISTOMA

A

KÖR:
olması gereken yerde değil

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14
Q

Maligant tümörlerin genel özellikleri nelerdir?
1
2
3
4

A
  1. Loss of differentiation, anaplasia
    * 2. Local invasion
    * 3. Metastasis
    * 4. Rapid growth
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15
Q

Pleomorphism nedir

A

apparens different in both shape and size.

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16
Q

levels of carcinomas

A

Normal

Hyperplasia

metaplasia

Dysplasia

Carcinoma in-situ

Invasive carcinoma

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17
Q

Metaplasia means?

A

transformation of a normal mature epithelium into another type of epithelium

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18
Q

Dysplasia means?

A

improper growth and maturation of an epithelium

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19
Q

bil bakalım bu ne?
It occurs only in the epithelium

is a precancerous (a condition takes before cancer) condition

A disorganized growth.

It is divided into 3 grades: low, moderate and high.

A

DYSPLASIA

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20
Q

In situ carcinoma ve invasive carsinoma arasındaki fark nedir?

A

ilki layer değiştirmez

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21
Q

erkeklerde ve kadınlarda sırasıyla en çok ölüme sebep olan Kanser nedir?

A

lung and bronchus ikisinde de en çok öldüren
bunu erkeklerde prostat kadınlarda breast takip ediyor

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22
Q

erkeklerde ve kadınlarda sırasıyla en çok görülen Kanser nedir?
1 … , …
2
3

A
  1. Prostat Breast
  2. Lung
  3. colon rectum
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23
Q

arsenik hangi kansere sebep olur

A

lung and skin

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24
Q

Asbestos

A

lung
Mesethelioma

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25
Q

benzene

A

leukemia

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26
Q

berilyium

A

lung

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27
Q

Cadmium

A

prostat

Prostatta sorun var ben hiç (kalkmıyım= Cadmium)

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28
Q

Ethlene oxide

A

leukemnia

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29
Q

vinyl chloride

A

Angiosarcoma

30
Q

BRCA-1 BRCA-2 neye sebep olur

Bunu soracaklar kesin

A

Ovarian Breast kanser

31
Q

Villous adenoma of the colon, associated with ?

A

colorectal carcinoma

32
Q

CAN A BENIGN NEOPLASM UNDERGO MALIGN TRANSFORMATION

A

Generaly no But some times

like colon adenomas turns to adenocarsinoma

33
Q

Barrett’s esophagus hangi kanser riskine sahiptir?

A

esophageal adenocarcinomas.

34
Q

Squamous epithelial metaplasia and subsequent dysplasia hangi kanser riskine sahiptir?

A

lung cancer.

35
Q

Villous adenomas in colorectal region hangi kanser riskine sahiptir?

A

colorectal carcinoma

36
Q

APC ne işe yarar

A

tümör hücrelerini tanır ve onları t hücrelerine gösterir

37
Q

t cells ne işe yarar

A

kill the tumor

38
Q

B Cells ne işe yarar

A

Antibodies oluşturur

39
Q

PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES nedir?

A

tümörün salgı bezine madde salgılatması sonucu olan olaylara denir

40
Q

CACHEXIA

A

şu aşırı kilo verme olayı

41
Q

TNM nedir?

A

kanserin stagelerini ayırmayı sağlar

42
Q

FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION özellikleri nelerdir?

A

Not a real biopsy—> no tissue is removed.

Cytological examination (cells are examined individually or in groups,
not tissues).

43
Q

INSICIONAL BIOPSY özellikleri nelerdir?

A

by dissecting only one small section of the lesion.

44
Q

EXCITIONAL BIOPSY’nin özellikleri nelerdir

A

removal of the entire lesion/tumor with appropriate surgical margins.

45
Q

RESECTION MATERIALS nedir

A

surgical removal of part or all of an organ

46
Q

WHAT IS A SURGICAL MARGIN?

A

It is the last line passed by the surgeon’s scalpel

(2 mm or more in most
malignant tumors).

47
Q

PSA Marker’ı ne işe yarar

A

Prostat kanserinde kulanılır

48
Q

CEA Marker’ı ne işe yarar

A

In all adenocarcinomas (large intestine, lung)

49
Q

EGFR: Marker’ı ne işe yarar

A

Lung spesific

50
Q

Alpha feto protein Marker’ı ne işe yarar

A

liver cancer.

51
Q

ALK-1, K-RAS EGFR MOLEKÜLER BELİRTEÇLERİ ne işe yarar

A

Lung adenocarcinoma

52
Q

HER-2: belirteci ne işe yarar

A

Breast carcinoma

53
Q

WHAT IS CELL BASEMENT MEMBRANE

A

The basement membrane is a thin fibrous layer

Contains collagen

It consists of lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis

It connects the lower layers of epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue.

54
Q

kasner nasıl invasyonn yapar

A

kanser çevredeki stromayı değiştirir

55
Q

CADHERINS nedir?

A

They ensure that the skeleton of the cells remains correct
(polarity)

56
Q
  • Malignant neoplasms disseminate by one of three pathways:
    1.
    2.
    3.
A
  • (1) seeding within body cavities= e.g.: ovarian serous carcinoma
  • (2) lymphatic spread= mostly sarcomas
  • (3) Hematogenous spread= mostly carcinomas
56
Q

INTEGRINS nedir?

A

Gycoproteins that serve as basement membrane receptors

57
Q

METASTASIS nedir

A

metastaz tümör kolonisidir tümörün kötülüğünün kanıtıdır

58
Q

Kemik sarkomları nereye metastas yapar

A

akçiğer

59
Q

Melanom dışındaki deri tümörleri nasıl metastas yapar

A

lokal invazyon sık yapar ancak uzak metastaz nadirdir

60
Q

LYMPHATIC/VASCULAR SPREAD nedir kimler yapar

A

lenfi carcinomalar yapar
hematogeneus sarcomalar tarafından sevilir

61
Q

sentinel lymph node” nedir?

A

first regional lymph node that receives lymph flow from
a primary tumor.

mavi boyayı sapla tümöre gör sentineli nerede

62
Q

CARCINOMAS WITH HEMATOGENIC SPREADS

A

Renal cell carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinomas

63
Q

Renal cell carcinoma nereye gider

A

invades the renal vein to grow in a
snakelike fashion up the inferior vena cava

Sometimes reaching the right side of the heart.

64
Q

Hepatocellular carcinomas nereye gider

A

portal and hepatic veins,
eventually reaching the main venous channels.

65
Q

when will the cell Exit from the blood vessel and passage to the area where it will metastasize

A

Cytokine receptors. tells maybe???

66
Q

Angiogenesis nedir

A

damar oluşturma

67
Q

Lymphangiogenesis ne işe yarar?

A

increases the metastasis ability of the Malignanttumor

68
Q

Malignant cells ne üreterek basal membranı kırar

A

MMP2

69
Q

ANGIOGENESIS hangi factor sağlar

A

VEGF

70
Q
A

3. sınıf 1. komite (35 decks)

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