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3. sınıf 1. komite > 2. pediatri abdominal masses > Flashcards

2. pediatri abdominal masses Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cancer in infants nedir?

A

Neuroblastoma

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2
Q

Neuroblastoma’nın özellikleri nelerdir?

A

Most common cancer in infants

Genetic links/factors involved
N-myc
oncogene, chromosome deletion

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3
Q

whaty is Most common cancer in infants

A

Neuroblastoma

Average age is 18 months; 80% < 5

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4
Q

Clinical Presentation of neuroblastoma?

A

Pain, abd mass, other masses, malaise; skin

Can occur anywhere in sympathetic NS

Metastatic to lymph nodes, bone, BM, liver

Fever and malaise
catecholamine secretion

HTN, sweats, irritability; diarrhea;

opsoclonus-myoclonus; cerebellar ataxia

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5
Q

How to diagose neuroblastoma?

A

catecholamine related:
htn, flushing, sweating, irritability); weight loss, pain, limp

preorbital ecchymosis, cutaneous nodules; abd mass; weakness/paralysis

CT/MRI to locate tumor; bone scan;MIBG;
PET—>for metastasis

Labs (urinary catecholamines);
homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanillylmandehc acid (VMA)

The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) Staging System (INSS)used for stage

rakun göz

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6
Q

Neuroblastoma Staging?

A
  1. Localized tumor; complete excision

2 A Unilateral, incomplete gross resection; negative microscopic nodes

2B Unilateral, positive ipsilateral nodes; negative contralateral

3 Across midline, or contralateral nodes

4 Dissemination: bone marrow, liver, skin, bones

4S <1y: local stage 1-2 with mets to BM, liver, skin

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7
Q

Treatment and Prognosis of neuroblastoma

A

Surgery: debulk or total removal; curative in low-stage disease; 2nd-look after other Rx

Chemotherapy – often platinum basedmulti-agent ~ stage

RT: to primary tumor site; NB cells very radiosensitive;

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8
Q

what is High-risk neuroblastoma

A

long term survival rates between 25% and 35%

Highdose chemotherapy with autologous stem cel cellrescue–Surgery–Radiation

13-c / s retinoic acid ( isotretinoin , Accutane

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9
Q

böbrek tümörleri nelerdir?

A

primarly Wilms, rapidly growing vascular abdominal tumors

clear cell sarcoma
renal cell CA, lymphoma, PNET, rhabdoid

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10
Q

Incidence and Etiology of kidney tumors

A

5-6% of peds cancer

Higher in AA, lower in Asians

Peak age at 2-3;

1.5% familial in origin; associated with aniridia, hemihypertrophy, GU malforms

Genetic factors, deletion or translocations

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11
Q

Syndromes Associated With WilmsTumor

A

Aniridia
Genitourinary abnormalities
Mental Retardatin

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12
Q

genetic alteration of WilmsTumor

A

Deş 11p13 means WT1 PAX6

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13
Q

DİAGNOSİS AND DIFFERENTIAL DİAGNOSİS of abdominal mases?

A

in a child should be considered malignant until diagnosis

Labs, renal and hepatic function

Imaging studies

CT is useful to define the extent of the disease

MRI may be helpful in defining an extensive tumor

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14
Q

wilms tümörü ve Neuroblastoma hangi yaş gurubunda görülür?

A

preschool

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15
Q

hepato blastoma hangi yaş gurubunda görülür

A

0 3 yaş

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16
Q

wilms tümörünün klinik belirtileri nelerdir?

A

unilateral flank mass

Aniridia

Hemihypertrophy

17
Q

Neuroblastomanın klinik belirtileri nelerdir?

A

genitourinary obstruction

RACOON EYES

mycolonous opsoclonus

Dierrhea

18
Q

Hepatoblastomanın klinik belirtileri nelerdir?

A

right upper quadrant mass
JAUNDİCE
earLy PUBERİTY an males

19
Q

wilms tümörünün Lab bulguları nelerdir?

A

Elevated partial thromboplastin time

Heamatouria
Polycthemia
Thrombacytosis

20
Q

Neuroblastomanın Lab bulguları nelerdir?

A

increased
urinary vallinymandelic acid
homoulvanic acid
or ferritin

21
Q

Hepatoblastomanın lab bulguları nelerdir

A

ıncreased Alfa FETOPROTEİN

22
Q

İMP things about Treatment and Prognosis of WİLLMS Tumor

A

Surgery

Preop chemotherapy:
if intravascular spread or very large invasive tumors; if bilateral;

Considered Stage III if imaged only

23
Q

Hepatablostama hangi lobda gelişir=

A

It arises from the right lobe 3 times more often than the left and usually is unifocal.

Elevated alphafetoprotein level

24
Q

Treatment and Prognosis of Hepatablostama

A

High cure rates, with cure possible if mets are resected (> 65%)

25
Q

Treatment and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Ca

A

Difficult to resect and difficult to cure even with complete resection (<20%)

26
Q

what is the most common causes of palpable abdominal masses in infants

A

multicystic dysplastic kidneys and hydronephrosis

27
Q

Understand that urinary catecholamine excretion is increased in most patients with a …… and that tests of urine for …. and ….are appropriate screening tests for the tumor

A

Neuroblastoma
VMA
VHA

28
Q

Wilms tumor is associated with 1. …. 2. …. 3. ….4 ….

A

hemihypertrophy

aniridia,

somatic overgrowth

genitourinary abnormalities

3. sınıf 1. komite (35 decks)

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