6.Pitt’s India Act-1784 Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the Prime Minister of Britain during the passage of Pitt’s India Act in 1784?

A

The Prime Minister of Britain during the passage of Pitt’s India Act in 1784 was William Pitt the younger.

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2
Q

Why were Select Committee and Secret Committee formed in relation to the East India Company?

A

Select Committee and Secret Committee were formed to look into the financial irregularities and corruption charges rampant in the East India Company.

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3
Q

What was the purpose of the Committees formed to observe and regulate the working of the East India Company?

A

The purpose of the Committees formed to observe and regulate the working of the East India Company was to prepare a report on the same and highlight the mixup in the Commercial and Political roles of the Company.

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4
Q

What issues were tackled by Pitt’s India Act of 1784?

A

Pitt’s India Act of 1784 was enacted to tackle the financial irregularities, corruption charges, and the mixup in the Commercial and Political roles of the East India Company.

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5
Q

What is Pitt’s India Act of 1784 also known as?

A

Pitt’s India Act of 1784 is also known as the East India Company Act of 1784.

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6
Q

How long did Pitt’s India Act of 1784 continue to be in effect?

A

Pitt’s India Act of 1784 continued to be in effect till 1858.

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7
Q

What were the main provisions of Pitt’s India Act?

A

The main provisions of Pitt’s India Act were the separation of East India Company’s Political and Commercial functions, formation of the Board of Control to look into Political functions, representation of the Company by the Court of Directors to control Commercial functions, declaration of assets by civil and military officers, provision of Veto power to Governor-General, and re-assertion of subordination of Bombay and Madras Presidency to Bengal.

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8
Q

What was the purpose of separating the Political and Commercial functions of the East India Company under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The purpose of separating the Political and Commercial functions of the East India Company under Pitt’s India Act was to address the mixup in these roles and to ensure better regulation and governance.

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9
Q

What was the Board of Control and what were its functions under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The Board of Control was formed under Pitt’s India Act to look into the Political functions of the East India Company. Its functions included monitoring and regulating the Company’s policies, decisions, and administration in India.

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10
Q

Who controlled the Commercial functions of the East India Company under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The Commercial functions of the East India Company were controlled by the Court of Directors under Pitt’s India Act.

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11
Q

Who was the President of the Board of Control and what was their role under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The President of the Board of Control was the Secretary of State under Pitt’s India Act. Their role was to oversee and manage the Company’s affairs in India on behalf of the British government.

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12
Q

What was the significance of the provision that all civil and military officers had to declare their assets under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The provision that all civil and military officers had to declare their assets under Pitt’s India Act was significant in curbing corruption and financial irregularities within the East India Company.

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13
Q

What was the Veto power provided to the Governor-General under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The Veto power provided to the Governor-General under Pitt’s India Act was the power to overturn any decision made by the Company’s council or any subordinate authority in India.

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14
Q

Which Presidencies were re-asserted to remain subordinated to Bengal under Pitt’s India Act?

A

Bombay and Madras Presidencies were re-asserted to remain subordinated to Bengal under Pitt’s India Act.

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15
Q

What was the Dual Government created in Bengal as a result of Pitt’s India Act?

A

The Dual Government created in Bengal as a result of Pitt’s India Act consisted of a Board of Control and a Court of Directors, which collectively had full control over the Company and its management in India.

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16
Q

What was the significance of the term “British Possessions in India” introduced by Pitt’s India Act?

A

The significance of the term “British Possessions in India” introduced by Pitt’s India Act was to establish a clear definition of the territories under British control and management in India.

17
Q

What level of control did the British Government have over the East India Company under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The British Government had full control over the East India Company and its management in India under Pitt’s India Act.

18
Q

What was the defect of Pitt’s India Act regarding the Governor-General’s control over the Board of Control and Court of Directors?

A

The defect of Pitt’s India Act regarding the Governor-General’s control over the Board of Control and Court of Directors was that the Governor-General had veto powers, which could cause conflicts between the Board of Control and the Court of Directors.

19
Q

What was the defect of Pitt’s India Act regarding the Governor-General’s control over the Board of Control and Court of Directors?

A

The defect of Pitt’s India Act regarding the Governor-General’s control over the Board of Control and Court of Directors was that the Governor-General had veto powers, which could cause conflicts between the Board of Control and the Court of Directors.

20
Q

What was the defect of Pitt’s India Act regarding the definition of powers?

A

The defect of Pitt’s India Act regarding the definition of powers was that they were not well-defined, which could lead to confusion and conflicts in the management of the Company in India.

21
Q

What were some rising cases of corruption and negligence of local interests under Pitt’s India Act?

A

Rising cases of nepotism, favouritism, and neglect of the interests of the local population were reported under Pitt’s India Act.

22
Q

What was the impact of rising cases of corruption and neglect of local interests under Pitt’s India Act?

A

The impact of rising cases of corruption and neglect of local interests under Pitt’s India Act was that it led to further exploitation of the Indian population and undermined the credibility of the East India Company and the British government.

23
Q

Who is Lord Cornwallis and what is his significance in Indian history?

A

Lord Cornwallis was the Governor-General of India from 1786 to 1793. He is called the Father of Civil Services in India and is known for bringing several important reforms during his tenure.

24
Q

What is the Civil Service Code brought by Lord Cornwallis?

A

The Civil Service Code brought by Lord Cornwallis mentioned the Separation of Power. According to this Code, the District Collector was to be responsible for general administration and revenue collection, while the Superintendent of Police was responsible for the maintenance of law and order, and the District Judge was to look into the matter of judgments in civil court.

25
Q

What reforms did Lord Cornwallis bring in the criminal justice system?

A

Lord Cornwallis abolished the District Faujdari Adalat and established 4 Circuit Courts at Calcutta, Murshidabad, Dacca, and Patna. These Circuit Courts were headed by company officials, and the judges were assisted by Qazi and Mufti. He also shifted the Sadar Nizamat Adalat from Murshidabad to Calcutta.

26
Q

What was the Police Circle/Thana system introduced by Lord Cornwallis?

A

Each district was divided into a Police Circle/Thana, which consisted of an area of 20 sq miles. The head of the police station was called the Daroga, and he had constables working under him.

27
Q

How did Lord Cornwallis try to reduce corruption in the Board of Trade?

A

Lord Cornwallis brought reforms in the Board of Trade and incentivized honest officials to reduce corruption.

28
Q

What is the Permanent Settlement introduced by Lord Cornwallis?

A

Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement in India. This system aimed to create a stable revenue source for the British by fixing the land revenue payable by the zamindars or landlords. The Britishers hoped that this Settlement would result in the Industrial revolution in India and bring about a transformation in the agriculture sector.

29
Q

What are the three Land Revenue Systems in India?

A

The three Land Revenue Systems in India are the Zamindari system/Permanent Settlement, Mahalwari system, and Ryotwari system.