3.Advent of Europeans in India-2

Question 1

What was the name of the company established in London in 1599 that started trade with India?

Answer 1

The name of the company established in London in 1599 was ‘The Merchant Adventurers’.

Question 2

When did the company established in London become the East India Company?

Answer 2

The company established in London became the East India Company later on 31st December 1600 when Queen Elizabeth I issued farman for exclusive rights by Royal charter.

Question 3

Who did the English East India Company send to the court of Jahangir to obtain formal permission to establish an English factory in Surat?

Answer 3

The English East India Company sent William Hawkins in 1609 to the court of Jahangir to obtain formal permission to establish an English factory in Surat.

Question 4

Why couldn’t William Hawkins succeed in obtaining permission to establish an English factory in Surat?

Answer 4

William Hawkins couldn’t succeed in obtaining permission to establish an English factory in Surat because the Portuguese were having better trade relations with India and they opposed the British.

Question 5

When did Captain Thomas Best defeat the Portuguese in the sea off Surat?

Answer 5

Captain Thomas Best defeated the Portuguese in the sea off Surat in 1612.

Question 6

Who granted permission to the English in early 1613 to establish a factory at Surat under Thomas Aldworth?

Answer 6

Jahangir granted permission to the English in early 1613 to establish a factory at Surat under Thomas Aldworth.

Question 7

Who came as an ambassador of James-1 to the Mughal court of Jahangir in 1615?

Answer 7

Sir Thomas Roe came as an ambassador of James-1 to the Mughal court of Jahangir in 1615.

Question 8

What did Jahangir issue when Sir Thomas Roe visited the Mughal court?

Answer 8

Jahangir issued a Royal Farman (permission) for trade and to establish factories across the Mughal region when Sir Thomas Roe visited the Mughal court.

Question 9

Where did the British establish their settlements by 1619?

Answer 9

By 1619, the British established their settlements at Agra, Ahmedabad, Baroda, and Broach.

Question 10

Where was the first factory of the English established in the south?

Answer 10

The first factory of the English was established in Masulipatnam in the south in 1616.

Question 11

Who purchased land from Raja of Chandragiri in 1639 and established St Fort George?

Answer 11

Francis Day purchased land from Raja of Chandragiri in 1639 and established St Fort George, which gradually evolved into the city of Madras.

Question 12

When did East India Company purchase Bombay from Charles-2?

Answer 12

East India Company purchased Bombay from Charles-2 in 1668.

Question 13

Where did Job Charnock establish a workshop in 1690?

Answer 13

Job Charnock established a workshop near Sutanati in 1690.

Question 14

When did the British get farman by Jahangir for three villages Govindpur, Sutanati, and Kalikata?

Answer 14

The British got farman by Jahangir for three villages Govindpur, Sutanati, and Kalikata gradually in 1698.

Question 15

What did these three villages later become?

Answer 15

These three villages later became Calcutta.

Question 16

When was Fort William established in Calcutta?

Answer 16

Fort William was established in Calcutta in 1700, after which Calcutta became the headquarters of the East India Company.

Question 17

Who established the French east India company, and in which year?

Answer 17

The French east India company was established under the Ruler of France Louis-XIV in 1664.

Question 18

Where was the first French factory established, and in which year?

Answer 18

The first French factory was established at Surat in 1668.

Question 19

When was a factory established at Masulipatnam by the French?

Answer 19

The French established a factory at Masulipatnam in 1669.

Question 20

Who purchased land from Sher Khan Lodi, which later became Pondicherry, and in which year?

Answer 20

Francois Martin purchased land from Sher Khan Lodi in 1673, and this land later became Pondicherry in 1674.

Question 21

What do the Carnatic wars represent?

Answer 21

The Carnatic wars represent the Anglo-French rivalry in India for political domination over the country.

Question 22

What was the background of the First Carnatic war?

Answer 22

The First Carnatic war took place during the Austrian war of succession, where the English and French were fighting. The French were relatively weaker in India at that time.

Question 23

Who was Dupleix, and whom did he approach to talk about the British’s illegal annexation of French ships?

Answer 23

Dupleix was the French governor at that time, who approached Anwaruddin, who was a nawab of Carnatic, to talk about the British’s illegal annexation of French ships.

Question 24

What did Dupleix threaten Anwaruddin with, and what was the result?

Answer 24

Dupleix threatened Anwaruddin with Madras’s annexation if the British did not stop their illegal annexation of French ships. The French attacked Madras in 1746, despite the Nawab’s warning, and captured it.

Question 25

Who wanted to keep Madras with the French, and why?

Answer 25

Admiral Bourdonnaus, who was a French governor in Mauritius, wanted to keep Madras with the French to negotiate with the British in the future, even though Dupleix was thinking of returning it to the Nawab.

Question 26

Who attacked Madras with an army of 10 thousand soldiers, and what was the outcome of the battle?

Answer 26

Mahfuz Khan, the son of Nawab Anwaruddin, attacked Madras with an army of 10 thousand soldiers, but he was defeated by a small French contingency in the Battle of St Thome. The First Carnatic war ended with the treaty of Aix La Chappelle in 1748, which gave Madras to the British and French territories in North America to the French.

Question 27

What was the Second Carnatic War?

Answer 27

The Second Carnatic War was a war of succession fought between the English and French forces in India. It took place between 1749-54 and was fought to establish political control over the Carnatic region.

Question 28

What was the cause of the Second Carnatic War?

Answer 28

The war was caused by a power struggle between the contenders for the thrones of Hyderabad and Carnatic. The English supported Anwaruddin and Nasir Jung while the French supported Chanda Sahib and Muzaffer Jung.

Question 29

Who won the Battle of Amber in the Second Carnatic War?

Answer 29

The French alliance won the Battle of Amber in 1749, defeating the English team. Anwaruddin, the English-supported nawab of Carnatic, was killed in the battle.

Question 30

Who fled to Trichy after Anwaruddin Khan’s death, and who was proclaimed Nawab of the Carnatic?

Answer 30

Anwaruddin Khan’s son, Muhammad Ali, fled to Trichy after his father’s death. Chanda Sahib was proclaimed the Nawab of the Carnatic.

Question 31

Who killed Nasir Jung, and who was installed as the Nizam of Hyderabad after his death?

Answer 31

The French forces killed Nasir Jung. After his death, Muzaffar Jung was installed as the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Question 32

Who was installed as the Nizam of Hyderabad after Muzaffar Jung’s death?

Answer 32

The French installed Salabat Jung, another son of Asaf Jah I, as the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Question 33

What did the French acquire from the Nizam of Hyderabad, and where were these districts located?

Answer 33

The French acquired four rich districts on the Coromandel Coast (Northern Sircars) from the Nizam of Hyderabad.

Question 34

Who controlled Trichy during the war, and who held the Trichy Fort?

Answer 34

Chanda Sahib and the French controlled Trichy during the war. However, the Trichy Fort was held by Muhammad Ali.

Question 35

Why did the English decide to support Muhammad Ali, and who attacked the capital of the Carnatic as a diversionary tactic?

Answer 35

The English decided to support Muhammad Ali to undermine the growing French power in the region. Robert Clive (later Governor of Bengal) attacked Arcot, the capital of the Carnatic, as a divisionary tactic.

Question 36

What was the outcome of the Siege of Arcot?

Answer 36

The British won the Siege of Arcot.

Question 37

Who was killed in one of the battles fought during the war, and who was installed as the Nawab of the Carnatic after this person’s death?

Answer 37

Chanda Sahib was killed in one of the battles fought during the war. Muhammad Ali was installed as the Nawab of the Carnatic after his death.

Question 38

How did the Second Carnatic war end, and when was the Treaty of Pondicherry signed?

Answer 38

The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Pondicherry in 1754.