23.Home Rule League and Lucknow Pact Flashcards
What were the reasons for Indian revolutionaries traveling abroad?
The need for shelter, the possibility of publishing revolutionary literature exempt from Press Acts, and the desire for arms drove Indian revolutionaries to travel abroad.
Who founded the Indian Home Rule Society, also known as ‘India House’?
Shyamji Krishna Varma founded the Indian Home Rule Society - ‘India House’ - in London in 1905.
What were some activities of India House in London?
India House served as a center for Indian students, had a scholarship scheme to bring radical youth from India, and published a journal called ‘The Indian Sociologist.’
Name some revolutionaries who were members of India House.
Revolutionaries such as Savarkar and Lala Hardayal were members of India House.
Which event made London too dangerous for the revolutionaries?
The assassination of India Office bureaucrat Curzon-Wyllie by Madanlal Dhingra in 1909 made London too dangerous for the revolutionaries.
Which new centers emerged for revolutionary activities abroad?
New centers such as Paris and Geneva emerged, where revolutionaries like Madam Bhikaji Cama and Ajit Singh operated.
Why did Virendra Chattopadhyaya choose Berlin as his base?
After deteriorating Anglo-German relations in 1909, Virendra Chattopadhyaya chose Berlin as his base.
What was the significance of the Ghadar Movement in 1913?
The Ghadar Movement in 1913 was a pivotal event in the history of the Indian freedom struggle.
Where was the Ghadar Party founded?
The Ghadar Party was founded in the United States of America.
Who were the primary founders of the Ghadar Party?
The Ghadar Party was primarily founded by Sikhs who had migrated from areas of Hoshiarpur and Jalandhar in Punjab.
Name some of the prominent leaders involved in the establishment of the Ghadar Party.
Sohan Singh, Kartar Singh, Abdul Mohamed Barakatullah, and Rashbehari Bose were among the prominent leaders involved in laying the groundwork for the Ghadar Party.
Who were the revolutionary intellectuals that attempted to organize students and instill nationalist ideas?
Lala Har Dayal and Taraknath Das were the revolutionary intellectuals who attempted to organize students and instill nationalist ideas.
What were the earlier establishments made by the activists before the formation of the Ghadar Party?
The activists had established a ‘Swadesh Sevak Home’ in Vancouver and a ‘United India House’ in Seattle to carry out revolutionary activities.
When and under what name was the Ghadar Party founded?
The Ghadar Party, originally known as the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association, was founded on July 15, 1913.
Where was the headquarters of the Ghadar Party located?
The headquarters of the Ghadar Party was located in San Francisco.
In which regions did the Ghadar Party draw a sizable following?
The Ghadar Party drew a sizable following among Indian expatriates in the United States, Canada, East Africa, and Asia.
What was the name of the weekly newspaper associated with the Ghadar Party?
The Ghadar Party was organized around the weekly newspaper called The Ghadar, which was initially published in Urdu and later in Gurmukhi.
What were the objectives of the Ghadar programme?
The Ghadar programme aimed to organize assassinations of officials, publish revolutionary and anti-imperialist literature, work with Indian troops stationed abroad, obtain arms, and spark a simultaneous revolt in all British colonies.
What happened when the First World War broke out in 1914?
When the First World War broke out in 1914, some members of the Ghadar Party arrived in Punjab to foment an armed revolution for India’s independence.
How did the Ghadar Party contribute to the Indian independence movement during the war?
The Ghadar Party was successful in smuggling weapons and inciting mutiny among Indian soldiers in the British Army.
What was the outcome of the Ghadar Mutiny?
The Ghadar Mutiny, which resulted from the Ghadar Party’s efforts, was brutally suppressed by the British. Following the Lahore Conspiracy Case trial, 42 mutineers were executed.
Who supported the Ghadar Party in their fight against colonialism?
The Ghadar Party received support from Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, both of which were Central Powers opposed to the British.
What was the Komagata Maru incident?
The Komagata Maru incident involved the Japanese steamship Komagata Maru, on which a group of British Raj citizens attempted to emigrate to Canada in 1914 but were denied entry.
Who chartered the ship and who were the passengers on board?
Gurdit Singh, a wealthy Punjabi businessman, chartered the ship. The passengers on board included 340 Sikhs, 24 Muslims, and 12 Hindus, all of whom were British subjects.
What happened when the Komagata Maru arrived in Vancouver, Canada?
Only 24 of the passengers were admitted to Canada, but the remaining 352 passengers were not allowed to disembark, and the ship was forced to return to India.
How did the Komagata Maru incident end?
The ship was forced to return to Calcutta (present-day Kolkata), India. When they arrived, the passengers were fired upon by British police, resulting in the deaths of 20 Sikhs.
What does the Komagata Maru incident reflect about immigration policies at that time?
The incident reflects the exclusion laws in Canada and the United States during the early twentieth century that were used to keep Asian immigrants out.
What was the Singapore Mutiny?
The Singapore Mutiny was a mutiny against the British in Singapore in 1915 by up to half of a regiment of 850 Indian Muslim sepoys during World War I.
Who were the key figures involved in the Singapore Mutiny?
The mutiny was led by Jamadar Chisti Khan, Jamadar Abdul Gani, and Subedar Daud Khan of the Punjabi Muslim 5th Light Infantry and the 36th Sikh battalion.
How was the Singapore Mutiny resolved?
The mutiny was crushed after a fierce battle, resulting in many casualties. Subsequently, 37 individuals were executed, and 41 were transported for life.
What was the Home Rule League Movement?
The Home Rule League Movement was India’s response to the First World War, focused on achieving home rule within the British Empire. It was a more effective response compared to actions taken by Indians living abroad, such as the Ghadar mutiny.
What triggered the resurgence of the national movement during the Home Rule League Movement?
The release of Bal Gangadhar Tilak from imprisonment and the arrival of Annie Besant, an Irish socialist and advocate for Indian independence, contributed to the resurgence of the national movement.
How did Tilak contribute to the nationalist movement during the Home Rule League Movement?
After returning from exile, Tilak recognized the need for a renewed nationalist movement in India. He also acknowledged the growing relevance of the Congress Party and aimed to re-enter the party as his first objective.
What were the sentiments of India’s authorities towards the war?
India’s authorities were divided on whether to support Britain in the war.
What were the objectives of the Home Rule League Movement?
The objectives of the Home Rule League Movement were to achieve self-government in India, promote political education and discussion for self-government, build confidence among Indians to speak against government suppression, demand larger political representation for Indians, and revive political activity while maintaining the principles of the Congress Party.
What was one of the key objectives of the Home Rule League Movement regarding political representation?
The movement aimed to demand a larger political representation for Indians from the British government.
